部门管理（体验，最原始方法来做，Django+mysql）

本人初学，写完代码在此记录和复盘

在创建和注册完APP之后（我的命名是employees），编写models.py文件创建表

手动插入了几条数据

1.部门查询

urls.py和views.py在编写之前，都要注意导入对应的库

urls.py：from employees import views （用于导入视图函数）

views.py：from employees import models （用于导入表）

def depart_list(request):# 从数据库中获取所有部门信息，返回一个查询集queryset = models.Department.objects.all()# 渲染 'depart_list.html' 模板，传递查询集数据到模板中return render(request, 'depart_list.html', {"queryset": queryset})

在templates文件夹中创建对应的html文件

depart_list.html

{% load static %}<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-5.3.3/css/bootstrap.css' %}"><link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css' %}"><style>.c1{margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;}</style></head>
<body><nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg bg-light"><div class="container"><a class="navbar-brand" href="#">部门管理系统</a><button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"data-bs-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent"aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button><div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent"><ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="/depart/list/">部门首页</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="/depart/add">部门管理</a></li><form class="d-flex"><input class="form-control me-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"><button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button></form></ul></div><ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">登录</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#">注册</a></li><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="log" role="button"data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">豆腐乳</a><ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown"><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">个人资料</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">我的账户</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">修改密码</a></li><li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">注销</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
</nav><div><div class="container"><div class="c1"><a class="btn btn-success" href="/depart/add">新建部门</a></div><div class="card c1"><div class="card-header"><i class="fa fa-list" aria-hidden="true"></i>部门列表</div><div class="card-body p-0"><div class="table-responsive"><table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover mb-0"><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>名称</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody>{% for obj in queryset %}<tr><th scope="row">{{ obj.id }}</th><td>{{ obj.title }}</td><td><a class="btn btn-primary btn-xs" href="/depart/{{ obj.id }}/edit/">编辑</a><a class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" href="/depart/delete/?nid={{ obj.id }}">删除</a></td></tr>{% endfor %}</tbody></table></div></div></div><nav aria-label="Page navigation example"><ul class="pagination"><li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li><li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li><li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li><li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li><li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li></ul></nav></div>
</div><script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-5.3.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js' %}"></script></body>
</html>

视图函数 depart_list：
查询数据库中的部门表（Department），将所有部门数据传递给模板 depart_list.html。
模板循环：
遍历 queryset 中的每个部门对象，生成表格行，显示部门 ID、名称，并提供“编辑”和“删除”操作链接。
- 编辑：跳转至 /depart/{id}/edit/
- 删除：跳转至 /depart/delete/?nid={id}

2.部门增加

def depart_add(request):# 处理 GET 请求：返回添加部门的页面if request.method == 'GET':return render(request, 'depart_add.html')# 处理 POST 请求：获取表单中的部门名称并保存到数据库title = request.POST.get("title")  # 从 POST 请求中获取部门名称models.Department.objects.create(title=title)  # 创建新部门# 添加成功后，重定向到部门列表页面return redirect("/depart/list")

depart_list.html

{% load static %}<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-5.3.3/css/bootstrap.css' %}"><link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css' %}"><style>.c1{margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;}</style></head>
<body><nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg bg-light"><div class="container"><a class="navbar-brand" href="#">部门管理系统</a><button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"data-bs-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent"aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button><div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent"><ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="/depart/list/">部门首页</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="/depart/add">部门管理</a></li><form class="d-flex"><input class="form-control me-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"><button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button></form></ul></div><ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">登录</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#">注册</a></li><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="log" role="button"data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">豆腐乳</a><ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown"><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">个人资料</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">我的账户</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">修改密码</a></li><li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">注销</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
</nav><div><div class="container"><div class="c1"><a class="btn btn-success" href="/depart/add">新建部门</a></div><div class="card c1"><div class="card-header">新建部门</div><div class="card-body"><form method="post">{% csrf_token %}<div class="mb-3"><label for="inputtitle" class="form-label">标题</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputtitle" placeholder="标题" name="title"></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button></form></div></div></div>
</div><script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-5.3.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js' %}"></script></body>
</html>

运行

3.部门删除

def depart_delete(request):# 获取请求中传递的 'nid' 参数，即要删除的部门 IDnid = request.GET.get("nid")# 根据 'nid' 参数过滤部门对象并删除models.Department.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()# 删除完成后，重定向回部门列表页面return redirect("/depart/list")

depart_delete 函数效果：运行/depart/delete/?nid=1，就会删除id为1的数据

当用户点击“删除”按钮时，会触发 depart_delete 函数，该函数根据部门的 ID 删除对应的部门数据，并重定向回部门列表页面。

运行

4.部门修改

<int:nid>：这是一个捕获组，它告诉 Django 该部分的路径将匹配一个整数，并将这个整数作为参数传递给视图函数。在这里，nid 是变量名，表示部门的 ID。

def depart_edit(request, nid):# 如果请求方法是 GET（即用户访问编辑页面），获取对应部门的信息if request.method == 'GET':# 根据部门 ID 获取部门对象，并将其传递给模板row_object = models.Department.objects.filter(id=nid).first()return render(request, 'depart_edit.html', {"row_object": row_object})# 如果请求方法是 POST（即用户提交表单），更新部门信息title = request.POST.get("title")# 更新数据库中对应部门的标题models.Department.objects.filter(id=nid).update(title=title)# 更新完成后，重定向到部门列表页面return redirect("/depart/list")

当用户访问 /depart/<nid>/edit/ URL 时，depart_edit 函数会根据部门 ID (nid) 获取该部门的现有信息并显示在表单中，用户可以修改部门名称并提交表单。提交表单后，depart_edit 函数会更新数据库中对应部门的标题，并将用户重定向回部门列表页面。

depart_edit.py

{% load static %}<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-5.3.3/css/bootstrap.css' %}"><link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css' %}"><style>.c1{margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;}</style></head>
<body><nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg bg-light"><div class="container"><a class="navbar-brand" href="#">部门管理系统</a><button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse"data-bs-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent"aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button><div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent"><ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="/depart/list/">部门首页</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="/depart/add">部门管理</a></li><form class="d-flex"><input class="form-control me-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"><button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button></form></ul></div><ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">登录</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#">注册</a></li><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="log" role="button"data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">豆腐乳</a><ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown"><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">个人资料</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">我的账户</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">修改密码</a></li><li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li><li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">注销</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
</nav><div><div class="container"><div class="card c1"><div class="card-header">修改部门</div><div class="card-body"><form method="post">{% csrf_token %}<div class="mb-3"><label for="inputtitle" class="form-label">标题</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputtitle" placeholder="标题" name="title" value="{{ row_object.title }}"/></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button></form></div></div></div>
</div><script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-5.3.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js' %}"></script></body>
</html>

运行