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STM32基础教程——对射式红外传感器计数实验

2025/3/10 10:31:31 来源：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_80319641/article/details/146130026  浏览:  次   关键词：STM32基础教程——对射式红外传感器计数实验

前言

 对射式红外传感器介绍

        对射式红外传感器是一种非接触式的距离检测器，主要由发射器和接收器两部分组成。发射器发出特定波长的红外光束，当物体阻挡了这条光束时，接收器无法接收到光线信号，从而产生一个开关信号来判断物体的存在与否或位置变化。这种传感器具有较高的精度和稳定性，适用于各种工业自动化控制、安全防护系统以及机器人导航等领域。常见的应用场景包括生产线上的物品计数、门禁系统的开启与关闭控制等。

 使用说明

接线说明 

技术实现 

原理图

 代码实现

CountSensor.h

#ifndef __COUNTSENSOR_H__
#define __COUNTSENSOR_H__void CountSensor_Init(void);
uint16_t CountSensor_Get(void);#endif

 CountSensor.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device headeruint16_t CountSensor_Count;				//统计中断的次数/*** @brief	对射式红外发射器初始化* @param  None* @retval None
*/
void CountSensor_Init(void)
{/*高速总线APB2外围时钟设置*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);				//指定APB2外设为GPIOB对其时钟进行控制RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO,ENABLE);					//指定APB2外设为AFIO对其时钟进行控制/*EXTI和NVIC的时钟是一直开启的，不需要手动配置开启时钟*//*GPIO初始化 *//*结构体初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;										//定义一个GPIO_InitTypeDef类型的结构体/*此处输入模式不建议配置为浮空输入，因为在无外部信号输入时，引脚状态不确定且易受外界干扰，导致出错。*/GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode 		= GPIO_Mode_IPU;				 		//配置为上拉输入，默认为高电平输入模式 GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed 		= GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin 		= GPIO_Pin_14;							//选择PB14引脚GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStruct);/*配置AFIO外部中断引脚选择*/GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB,GPIO_PinSource14);				//将PB14设置为外部中断引脚 /*配置EXTI*//*结构体初始化*/EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStruct;EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Line 		= EXTI_Line14 ;							//选择PB14引脚为外部中断线EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_LineCmd 	= ENABLE;EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Mode 		= EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;					//中断模式触发EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Trigger 	= EXTI_Trigger_Rising;					//将触发活动边沿设置为上升沿触发EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);/*配置NVIC*/NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);							//配置中断优先分组/*初始化结构体 */NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStruct;										//定义结构体NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannel 					= EXTI15_10_IRQn;	//指定要启用的IRQ通道NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd 					= ENABLE;NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority 	= 1;				//设置优先级NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority 			= 1;NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStruct);
}/*** @brief	返回统计的次数* @param  None* @retval CountSensor_Count:将统计的中断次数返回
*/
uint16_t CountSensor_Get(void)
{return CountSensor_Count;
}/*** @brief	中断函数* @param  None* @retval None
*/
void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)												//STM32的中断函数名称是固定的，由STM32的启动文件（startup file）定义。
{																			//每个中断向量都有对应的默认函数名称,若在未改变启动文件的情况下随意给中断函数命名将无法正确进入中断。if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line14) == SET)								//检测中断标志位是否置1{CountSensor_Count++;EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line14);								//清除中断标志位}
}

 OLED.h

#ifndef __OLED_H
#define __OLED_Hvoid OLED_Init(void);
void OLED_Clear(void);
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char Char);
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char *String);
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowSignedNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, int32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowHexNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowBinNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);#endif

OLED.c 

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "OLED_Font.h"/*引脚配置*/
#define OLED_W_SCL(x)		GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_8, (BitAction)(x))		//可更改引脚配置
#define OLED_W_SDA(x)		GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_9, (BitAction)(x))		//更改引脚时，改变参数GPIOx,GPIO_Pin_x/*引脚初始化*/
void OLED_I2C_Init(void)
{RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_OD;								//将引脚的输出模式设置为开漏输出GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;//更改引脚时，改变参数GPIOx,GPIO_Pin_xGPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);//更改引脚时，改变参数GPIOx,GPIO_Pin_xGPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SDA(1);
}/*** @brief  I2C开始* @param  无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_I2C_Start(void)
{OLED_W_SDA(1);OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SDA(0);OLED_W_SCL(0);
}/*** @brief  I2C停止* @param  无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_I2C_Stop(void)
{OLED_W_SDA(0);OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SDA(1);
}/*** @brief  I2C发送一个字节* @param  Byte 要发送的一个字节* @retval 无*/
void OLED_I2C_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_W_SDA(!!(Byte & (0x80 >> i)));OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SCL(0);}OLED_W_SCL(1);	//额外的一个时钟，不处理应答信号OLED_W_SCL(0);
}/*** @brief  OLED写命令* @param  Command 要写入的命令* @retval 无*/
void OLED_WriteCommand(uint8_t Command)
{OLED_I2C_Start();OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x78);		//从机地址OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x00);		//写命令OLED_I2C_SendByte(Command); OLED_I2C_Stop();
}/*** @brief  OLED写数据* @param  Data 要写入的数据* @retval 无*/
void OLED_WriteData(uint8_t Data)
{OLED_I2C_Start();OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x78);		//从机地址OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x40);		//写数据OLED_I2C_SendByte(Data);OLED_I2C_Stop();
}/*** @brief  OLED设置光标位置* @param  Y 以左上角为原点，向下方向的坐标，范围：0~7* @param  X 以左上角为原点，向右方向的坐标，范围：0~127* @retval 无*/
void OLED_SetCursor(uint8_t Y, uint8_t X)
{OLED_WriteCommand(0xB0 | Y);					//设置Y位置OLED_WriteCommand(0x10 | ((X & 0xF0) >> 4));	//设置X位置高4位OLED_WriteCommand(0x00 | (X & 0x0F));			//设置X位置低4位
}/*** @brief  OLED清屏* @param  无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_Clear(void)
{  uint8_t i, j;for (j = 0; j < 8; j++){OLED_SetCursor(j, 0);for(i = 0; i < 128; i++){OLED_WriteData(0x00);}}
}/*** @brief  OLED显示一个字符* @param  Line 行位置，范围：1~4* @param  Column 列位置，范围：1~16* @param  Char 要显示的一个字符，范围：ASCII可见字符* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char Char)
{      	uint8_t i;OLED_SetCursor((Line - 1) * 2, (Column - 1) * 8);		//设置光标位置在上半部分for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_WriteData(OLED_F8x16[Char - ' '][i]);			//显示上半部分内容}OLED_SetCursor((Line - 1) * 2 + 1, (Column - 1) * 8);	//设置光标位置在下半部分for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_WriteData(OLED_F8x16[Char - ' '][i + 8]);		//显示下半部分内容}
}/*** @brief  OLED显示字符串* @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~4* @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16* @param  String 要显示的字符串，范围：ASCII可见字符* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char *String)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i++){OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, String[i]);}
}/*** @brief  OLED次方函数* @retval 返回值等于X的Y次方*/
uint32_t OLED_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{uint32_t Result = 1;while (Y--){Result *= X;}return Result;
}/*** @brief  OLED显示数字（十进制，正数）* @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~4* @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：0~4294967295* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~10* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)							{OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, Number / OLED_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');}
}/*** @brief  OLED显示数字（十进制，带符号数）* @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~4* @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：-2147483648~2147483647* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~10* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowSignedNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, int32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;uint32_t Number1;if (Number >= 0){OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column, '+');Number1 = Number;}else{OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column, '-');Number1 = -Number;}for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)							{OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i + 1, Number1 / OLED_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');}
}/*** @brief  OLED显示数字（十六进制，正数）* @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~4* @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：0~0xFFFFFFFF* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~8* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowHexNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i, SingleNumber;for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)							{SingleNumber = Number / OLED_Pow(16, Length - i - 1) % 16;if (SingleNumber < 10){OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, SingleNumber + '0');}else{OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, SingleNumber - 10 + 'A');}}
}/*** @brief  OLED显示数字（二进制，正数）* @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~4* @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16* @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：0~1111 1111 1111 1111* @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~16* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowBinNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)							{OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, Number / OLED_Pow(2, Length - i - 1) % 2 + '0');}
}/*** @brief  OLED初始化* @param  无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_Init(void)
{uint32_t i, j;for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++)			//上电延时{for (j = 0; j < 1000; j++);}OLED_I2C_Init();			//端口初始化OLED_WriteCommand(0xAE);	//关闭显示OLED_WriteCommand(0xD5);	//设置显示时钟分频比/振荡器频率OLED_WriteCommand(0x80);OLED_WriteCommand(0xA8);	//设置多路复用率OLED_WriteCommand(0x3F);OLED_WriteCommand(0xD3);	//设置显示偏移OLED_WriteCommand(0x00);OLED_WriteCommand(0x40);	//设置显示开始行OLED_WriteCommand(0xA1);	//设置左右方向，0xA1正常 0xA0左右反置OLED_WriteCommand(0xC8);	//设置上下方向，0xC8正常 0xC0上下反置OLED_WriteCommand(0xDA);	//设置COM引脚硬件配置OLED_WriteCommand(0x12);OLED_WriteCommand(0x81);	//设置对比度控制OLED_WriteCommand(0xCF);OLED_WriteCommand(0xD9);	//设置预充电周期OLED_WriteCommand(0xF1);OLED_WriteCommand(0xDB);	//设置VCOMH取消选择级别OLED_WriteCommand(0x30);OLED_WriteCommand(0xA4);	//设置整个显示打开/关闭OLED_WriteCommand(0xA6);	//设置正常/倒转显示OLED_WriteCommand(0x8D);	//设置充电泵OLED_WriteCommand(0x14);OLED_WriteCommand(0xAF);	//开启显示OLED_Clear();				//OLED清屏
}

 OLED_Front.h

#ifndef __OLED_FONT_H
#define __OLED_FONT_H/*OLED字模库，宽8像素，高16像素*/
const uint8_t OLED_F8x16[][16]=
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//  00x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 10x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 20x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 30x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 40xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 50x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 60x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 70x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 80x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 90x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 100x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 110x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 120x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 130x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 140x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 150x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 160x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 170x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 180x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 190x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 200x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 210x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 220x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 230x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 240x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 250x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 260x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 270x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 280x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 290x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 300x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 310xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 320x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 330x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 340xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 350x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 360x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 370x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 380xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 390x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 400x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 410x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 420x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 430x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 440x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 450x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 460xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 470x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 480xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 490x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 500x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 510x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 520x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 530x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 540xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 550x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 560x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 570x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 580x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 590x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 600x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 610x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 620x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 630x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 640x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 650x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 660x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 670x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 680x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 690x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 700x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 710x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 720x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 730x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 740x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 750x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 760x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 770x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 780x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 790x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 800x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 810x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 820x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 830x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 840x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 850x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 860x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 870x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 880x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 890x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 900x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 910x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 920x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 930x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};#endif

main.c 

/**********************************************************
1.实验名称:对射式红外传感器计数
2.实验环境:STM32F103C8T6最小系统板
3.实验内容:对射式红外传感器当进口槽型传感器无遮挡时，DO口输出低电平，电源指示灯导通，当传感器被遮挡时，DO口输出高电平，实验中我们使用上升沿外部中断触发。
4.作者；abai
5.实验时间：2025-3-8
**********************************************************/
#include "stm32f10x.h"                  			// Device header
#include "Delay.h"									//延时函数
#include "OLED.h"
#include "CountSensor.h"int main(void)
{/*OLED初始化*/OLED_Init();/*外部中断初始化*/CountSensor_Init();OLED_ShowString(1,1,"Count:");					//注意计算字符串的长度，切勿超出屏幕的长度while(1){OLED_ShowNum(1,7,CountSensor_Get(),5);}
}

 技术要点

1.中断系统

        中断：当主程序中，出现了特定的中断触发条件（中断源），使得CPU暂停当前正在运行的程序，转而去处理中断程序，处理完成后又返回原来被暂停的位置继续执行。

        中断优先级：当有多个中断源同时申请中断时，CPU会根据中断源的轻重缓急进行裁决，优先响应更加紧急的中断源。

        中断嵌套：当一个中断程序正在运行时，又有新的更高优先级的中断源申请中断，CPU会再次暂停当前中断程序，转而去处理新的中断程序，处理完成后一次进行返回。

2.STM32中断 

        拥有68个可屏蔽中断通道，包含EXTI,TIM,ADC,UART,SPI.I2C.RTC等多个外设        

        使用NVIC统一管理中断，每个中断通道都拥有16个可编程的优先等级，可对优先级进行分组，进一步设置抢占优先级和响应优先级

3.NVIC 

        NVIC(Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller):嵌套向量中断控制器，NVIC提供如下功能：

  • 可嵌套中断支持
  • 向量中断支持
  • 动态优先级支持
  • 中断延迟大大缩短
  • 中断可屏蔽 

NVIC基本结构

  NVIC负责处理外设向CPU申请的中断，它根据中断优先级来决定哪一个外设优先进行中断。外设与它有N根通道相连，而NVIC只有一根通道相连。不仅避免的众多中断申请打断CPU的进程，而且节省了CPU的接口。

NVIC优先级分组 

  • NVIC的中断优先级由优先级寄存器的4位（0~15）决定，这4位可以进行切分，分为高N位的抢占优先级（pre-emption priority）和4-N位抢占优先级（subpriority）
  • pre_emption priority高的可以中断嵌套，subpriority可以优先排队，pre_emption priority and subpriority均相同的按中断号排队。

4.EXTI  

  • EXTI(Extern Interrupt)外部中断
  •  EXTI可以监测指定GPIO口的电平信号，当其指定的GPIO口产生电平变化时，EXTI将立即向NVIC发出中断申请，经过NVIC裁决后即可中断CPU主程序，使CPU执行EXTI对应的中断程序
  • 支持的触发方式：上升沿/下降沿/双边沿/软件触发
  • 支持的GPIO口：所有的GPIO口，但相同的Pin不能同时触发
  • 通道数：16个GPIO_Pin，外加PVD输出，RTC闹钟，USB唤醒，以太网唤醒
  • 触发响应方式：中断响应/事件响应

EXTI基本结构 

EXTI框图

 

（输入线为16根数据输入线） 

AFIO复用IO口 

  • AFIO主要用于引脚复用功能的选择和重定义
  • 在STM32中，AFIO主要完成两个任务：复用功能引脚重映射、中断引脚选择

（由图可知相同的PIN不能同时触发） 

5. 外部中断配置

配置外部中断要先配置AFIO，然后配置EXTI，最后配置NVIC，过程如下图

6AFIO配置 

在配置AFIO之前要先进行GPIO初始化，确定引脚，输入输出模式等

GPIO的输入模式由浮空输入，上拉输入，下拉输入。浮空输入在引脚空闲时引脚的状态不确定，易出现错误，上拉输入是在IO口使用弱上拉电阻将引脚的默认电平拉高，而下拉输入使用下拉电阻将IO口引脚的默认电平拉低。

 

void GPIO_EXTILineConfig(uint8_t GPIO_PortSource, uint8_t GPIO_PinSource);

GPIO_EXTILineConfig()函数用于选择GPIO的引脚作为EXTI通道，两个参数分别选择GPIO寄存器和GPIO引脚。

7.EXTI部分函数 

void EXTI_Init(EXTI_InitTypeDef* EXTI_InitStruct);

EXTI_Init()用于初始化指定的EXTI外设，参数接受一个指向EXTI_InitTypeDef结构体的指针，该结构体有关于指定外部中断线引脚，外部中断线新状态， 中断触发模式，以及触发信号活动边沿。

8.NVIC部分函数

void NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(uint32_t NVIC_PriorityGroup);

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig()函数用配置优先级分组，可选择以下5种分组。

@param  NVIC_PriorityGroup: specifies the priority grouping bits length. *   This parameter can be one of the following values:*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_0: 0 bits for pre-emption priority*                                4 bits for subpriority*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_1: 1 bits for pre-emption priority*                                3 bits for subpriority*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_2: 2 bits for pre-emption priority*                                2 bits for subpriority*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_3: 3 bits for pre-emption priority*                                1 bits for subpriority*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_4: 4 bits for pre-emption priority*                                0 bits for subpriority          0 bits for subpriority
void NVIC_Init(NVIC_InitTypeDef* NVIC_InitStruct);

NVIC_Init()函数用于初始化NVIC外设接受指向NVIC_InitTypeDef的指针。该结构体分别用于指定要启用的IRQ通道，是否启用IRQ通道，pre_emption priority和subpriority的优先级

9.中断函数 

中断函数的命名是固定的，要根据启动文件中的中断向量表中查找，每一个中断源对应一个特定的中断服务函数名。中断函数名是严格区分大小写的，必须严格按照启动文件中的定义来编写。

ITStatus EXTI_GetITStatus(uint32_t EXTI_Line);

 进入中断函数后要调用EXTI_GetITStaus()函数用于检测参数指定的EXTI线路是否有中断触发请求发生，该函数可以精确判断中断的来源避免误触发。如果不需要区分中断线路，可以不使用该函数。

void EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(uint32_t EXTI_Line);

EXTI_ClearITPendingBit()函数用于在中断程序中处理完中断事件后清除中断标志位，防止中断服务重复触发。

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