官方安装教程地址：Ubuntu | Docker Docs
官方设置apt仓库命令：
# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update如果出现如下问题
root@mysql-4-51:~# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
curl: (7) Failed to connect to download.docker.com port 443: Connection timed out
gpg: no valid OpenPGP data found.参考如下方案解决：Ubuntu安装docker-ce添加GPG密钥失败解决方案_添加 docker 的官方 gpg 密钥失败-CSDN博客
再执行执行官方安装命令：
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
