目录
SSM整合
创建项目
导入依赖
配置文件
SpringConfig
MyBatisConfig
JdbcConfig
ServletConfig
SpringMvcConfig
功能模块
测试
业务层接口测试
控制层测试
SSM是Java Web开发中常用的三个主流框架组合的缩写，分别对应Spring、Spring MVC、MyBatis。这三个框架协同工作，能够完成企业级应用开发中的业务逻辑、Web层交互及数据持久化任务。
- Spring：作为SSM的基础框架，主要负责依赖注入（DI）和面向切面编程（AOP）。它简化了Java程序对数据库的访问，提高了数据库的访问效率和稳定性。
- Spring MVC：实际上是Spring框架的扩展，属于Spring框架的一部分。它主要负责Web层的交互，使得开发Web应用变得更加简单和高效。
- MyBatis：是一个支持普通SQL查询、存储过程和高级映射的持久层框架。它消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及结果集的检索，使得开发者可以更加专注于业务逻辑的实现。
SSM整合
创建项目
首先新建一个项目，详情请见：SpringMVC概述以及入门案例-CSDN博客，新建项目后再main下方新建test目录用作测试：
导入依赖
ssm整合需要导入一些依赖包，具体如下：
- spring-webmvc
- spring-jdbc
- spring-contest
- mybatis
- mybatis-spring
- mysql-connector-java
- druid
- junit
- javax.servlet-api
- jackson-databind
<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.3.20</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.3.18</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>5.3.20</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.6</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>1.3.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.28</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.2.8</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.1.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId><version>2.12.5</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies>
配置文件
接下来在java包下面新建软件包config，用于存放各种配置来，分别是：SpringConfig、MyBatisConfig、JdbcConfig、ServletConfig、SpringMvcConfig。以及resources目录下的db.properities。
SpringConfig
该配置类的作用是：作为Spring配置文件，扫描指定的包，并且导入加载其他需要的配置文件：
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.cc.service"})
@PropertySource(("db.properties")) //加载外部属性文件
@Import({JdbcConfig.class, MyBatisConfig.class}) //导入其他配置类
public class SpringConfig {
}MyBatisConfig
MyBatis的XML方式：
@Configuration public class MyBatisXmlConfig {@Beanpublic SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);// 关键配置：显式指定XML映射文件位置factoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:mapper/*.xml"));return factoryBean;}@Beanpublic MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() {MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer();msc.setBasePackage("com.cc.dao");// 关键配置：要求接口与XML文件关联（默认行为）msc.setSqlSessionFactoryBeanName("sqlSessionFactory");return msc;} }
注解配置方式：
@Configuration public class MyBatisAnnotationConfig {@Beanpublic SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) {SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);return factoryBean;}@Beanpublic MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() {MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer();msc.setBasePackage("com.cc.dao");// 关键配置：启用注解扫描模式msc.setAnnotationClass(Mapper.class);msc.setSqlSessionFactoryBeanName("sqlSessionFactory");return msc;} }import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean; import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import javax.sql.DataSource;public class MyBatisConfig {//配置了一个MyBatis的SqlSessionFactory，指定了使用的数据源和类型别名包路径。@Beanpublic SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSource dataSource){SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);factoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.cc.domain");return factoryBean;}//通过Spring配置了一个MapperScannerConfigurer，指定了需要扫描的Mapper接口所在的包路径。//这样，MyBatis就可以根据这些配置自动地找到并注册Mapper接口@Beanpublic MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(){MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer();msc.setBasePackage("com.cc.dao");return msc;} }
使用注解方式的关键代码是setAnnotationClass(Mapper.class)，但是只要在Mapper接口的方法上使用了@Select等注解，即时未配置也会隐式支持注解。
JdbcConfig
配置数据源，并且交给spring容器管理。
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import javax.sql.DataSource;public class JdbcConfig {//注入值@Value("${jdbc.driver}")private String driver;@Value("${jdbc.url}")private String url;@Value("${jdbc.username}")private String username;@Value("${jdbc.password}")private String password;@Beanpublic DataSource dataSource(){DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver);dataSource.setUrl(url);dataSource.setUsername(username);dataSource.setPassword(password);return dataSource;}
}ServletConfig
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;import javax.servlet.Filter;public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer{@Overrideprotected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};}@Overrideprotected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};}@Overrideprotected String[] getServletMappings() {return new String[]{"/"};}@Overrideprotected Filter[] getServletFilters() {CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");return new Filter[]{filter};}
}SpringMvcConfig
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.cc.controller")
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}功能模块
首先依据准备的表结构创建对应的POJO类：
public class User {private int id;private String name;private int age;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"id=" + id +", name='" + name + '\'' +", age=" + age +'}';}
}接下来就是关于数据库操作的Dao：
public interface UserDao {@Insert("insert into user(name,age) values(#{name},#{age})")public void save(User user);@Update("update user set name=#{name} where id = #{id}")public void update(User user);@Delete("delete from user where id =#{id}")public void delete(Integer id);@Select("select * from user where id =#{id}")public User getById(Integer id);@Select("select * from user")public List<User> getAll();
}以及Dao对应的Service接口和实现类
public interface UserService {/*** 保存* @param user* @return*/public boolean save(User user);/*** 修改* @param user* @return*/public boolean update(User user);/**\* 根据id删除* @param id* @return*/public boolean delete(Integer id);/*** 根据id查询* @param id* @return*/public User getById(Integer id);/*** 查询所有* @return*/public List<User> getAll();
}@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {@Autowiredprivate UserDao userDao;@Overridepublic boolean save(User user) {userDao.save(user);return true;}@Overridepublic boolean update(User user) {userDao.update(user);return true;}@Overridepublic boolean delete(Integer id) {userDao.delete(id);return true;}@Overridepublic User getById(Integer id) {return userDao.getById(id);}@Overridepublic List<User> getAll() {return userDao.getAll();}
}剩下就是REST风格的Controller控制类：
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/users")
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;@PostMappingpublic boolean save(@RequestBody User user) {return userService.save(user);}@PutMappingpublic boolean update(@RequestBody User user) {return userService.update(user);}@DeleteMapping("/{id}")public boolean delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {return userService.delete(id);}@GetMapping("/{id}")public User getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {return userService.getById(id);}@GetMappingpublic List<User> getAll() {return userService.getAll();}
}
测试
在开发中通常要进行两种测试，分别是业务接口测试，第二个是表现层的接口测试。
业务层接口测试
在test目录下新建测试包：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //使用Spring的测试运行器来运行测试。
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class)
public class UserServiceTest {@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;@Testpublic void testGetById(){User user = userService.getById(2);System.out.println(user);}@Testpublic void testGetAll(){List<User> user = userService.getAll();System.out.println(user);}}
能够查询到数据，说明业务层没问题，接下来测试控制层，启动Tomcat：
控制层测试
在postman进行测试：
查询所有：
新增：
