1. 将一个文件中的所有英文字母转换成大写，复制到另一文件中。
fi=open("ex01.py",'r')
fo=open("f2.txt",'w')
for line in fi:line=line.upper()fo.write(line)
fi.close()
fo.close()2. 将一个文件中的指定单词删除后，复制到另一个文件中。
fi=open("ex02.py",'r')
fo=open("f2.txt",'w')
deleteword="line"
for line in fi:line1=line.replace(deleteword,"")#print(line1)fo.write(line1)
fi.close()
fo.close()3. 从键盘输入一个整数，求100除以它的商，并显示。要求对从键盘输入的数值进行异常处理。
n=eval(input("请输入数值："))
try:s=100/nprint(s)
except Exception as ee:print(ee)4. 爬虫案例：爬取2024高校排名信息。
from urllib.request import urlopen
import bs4
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv
def getHtml(url):try:response = urlopen(url)# print(response)return response.read().decode('utf-8')except:return ""def getUnivInfo(csvfile, html):soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")csv_writer = csv.writer(csvfile)for tr in soup.find('tbody').children:if isinstance(tr, bs4.element.Tag):tds = tr('td')l1=tds[1].find('a').string# print(tds[2].prettify().splitlines())l2=tds[2].prettify().splitlines()[1][1:]## print(l2)l3=tds[5].stringcsv_writer.writerow([tds[0].div.string.rstrip().lstrip(),l1,l2,l3])def printTopUniv(csvfile, num):fmt = "{0:^4}\t{1:{3}<10}\t{2:^5}"print(fmt.format("排名", "学校", "总分", chr(12288)))csvfile.seek(0, 0)recs = csv.reader(csvfile)for rec in recs:print(fmt.format(rec[0], rec[1], rec[3], chr(12288)))if int(rec[0]) == num:breakdef showUnivDictr(csvfile, num):udict = {}csvfile.seek(0, 0)recs = csv.reader(csvfile)for rec in recs:print(rec)udict[rec[2]] = udict.get(rec[2], 0) + 1if int(rec[0]) == num:breaksort_udict = dict(sorted(udict.items(), key=lambda item: item[1], reverse=True))plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'Simhei'results = [0 for i in range(6)]plt.title('中国前100名大学分布')plt.xlabel('省/直辖市')plt.ylabel('大学数量')plt.xticks(range(1, len(sort_udict) + 1), sort_udict.keys())plt.bar(range(1, len(sort_udict) + 1), sort_udict.values(), width=0.6)plt.savefig('univ_visua12.png')plt.show()def main():csvfile = open('univ_rank.csv', 'w+', newline='')url='https://www.shanghairanking.cn/rankings/bcur/202411'html = getHtml(url)getUnivInfo(csvfile, html)printTopUniv(csvfile, 30)showUnivDictr(csvfile, 100)csvfile.close()main()
