【Python游戏开发】扫雷游戏demo

准备步骤

项目开发使用【Mu 编辑器】

1.使用Mu编辑器创建新项目

2.点击【保存】，将项目保存到指定路径中

3.点击【图片】，会打开项目图片存储位置，将所需图片复制粘贴至该文件夹中

游戏编写

1.设置游戏场景

ROWS = 15				# 设置行数
COLS = 15				# 设置列数
SIZE = 25				# 方块尺寸
WIDTH = SIZE * COLS		# 游戏场景宽度
HEIGHT = SIZE * ROWS	# 游戏场景高度

2.生成方块阵列

blocks = []
# 初始化方块列表
for i in range(ROWS):for j in range(COLS):block = Actor("minesweep_block")	# 方块初始显示背面状态block.left = j * SIZE				# 方块对应横坐标位置block.top = i * SIZE				# 方块对应纵坐标位置block.isbomb = False			# 地雷标识，False表示其不是地雷blocks.append(block)
#  绘制图像
def draw():for block in blocks:block.draw()

点击【开始】运行游戏，可见窗口显示下方方块矩阵

3.矩阵埋雷

import randomBOMBS = 20            						# 地雷数量
# 使用random.shuffle()方法打乱地雷列表，改变每块方块对应的索引值
random.shuffle(blocks)      		
# 埋设地雷，因为矩阵方块对应的索引值被打乱了，所以直接设置前“BOMBS”个方块为地雷即可
for i in range(BOMBS):blocks[i].isbomb = True					# 设置其为地雷blocks[i].image = "minesweep_bomb"		# 顺便将图片更换为地雷，方便测试

点击【开始】运行游戏，可见原来的方块矩阵中出现了地雷，而且地雷的位置是随机的

4.实现右键插旗操作

# Pgzero提供的on_mouse_down函数，用于处理鼠标的单机操作    
def on_mouse_down(pos, button):for block in blocks:# 判断点击矩阵中的哪个方块if block.collidepoint(pos):# 判断点击操作是否为鼠标右键if button == mouse.RIGHT:# 处理右键插旗操作set_flag(block)# 右键插旗操作           
def set_flag(block):# 判断是否已标记插旗，False：未标记，则标记为插旗状态，True：已标记，则取消标记if not block.isflag:block.image = "minesweep_flag"		# 更改为旗子图标block.isflag = Trueelse:block.image = "minesweep_block"		# 更改为普通图标block.isflag = False

注：需先在初始化地雷列表代码中定义 block.isflag = False，否则会报AttributeError: 'Actor' object has no attribute 'isflag'的错误

# 初始化地雷列表
for i in range(ROWS):for j in range(COLS):block = Actor("minesweep_block")	block.left = j * SIZE			block.top = i * SIZE				blocks[i].isbomb = Falseblock.isflag = False			 # 定义插旗标识blocks.append(block)

点击【开始】运行游戏，右键点击方块，会使方块变为插旗状态，再次点击，会便会普通状态

5.实现左键翻开操作

def on_mouse_down(pos, button):for block in blocks:if block.collidepoint(pos):if button == mouse.RIGHT:set_flag(block)# 判断点击操作是否为鼠标左键，且点击方块被插旗elif button == mouse.LEFT and not block.isflag:# 处理左键翻开操作open_block(block)# 左键翻开操作
def open_block(bk):bk.isopen = True					# 标识为已翻开bombnum = get_bomb_number(bk)		# 获取其周围地雷数量bk.image = "minesweep_number" + str(bombnum)# 如果周围地雷数量不为0，则返回if bombnum != 0:return# 如果周围地雷数量为0，则翻开周围未翻开的方块for block in get_neighbours(bk):if not block.isopen:# 递归翻开方块九宫格区域未翻开的方块open_block(block)# 获取翻开方块周围9宫格区域存在的未翻开的方块
def get_neighbours(bk):nblocks = []for block in blocks:# 如果方块已翻开，则不插入列表中if block.isopen:continue# 如果方块在当前点击方块的九宫格区域内，则插入列表中if block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y \or block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y \or block.x == bk.x and block.y == bk.y - SIZE \or block.x == bk.x and block.y == bk.y + SIZE \or block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y - SIZE \or block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y - SIZE \or block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y + SIZE \or block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y + SIZE :nblocks.append(block)return nblocks# 计算翻开方块周围9宫格区域的地雷数
def get_bomb_number(bk):num = 0for block in get_neighbours(bk):if block.isbomb:num += 1return num

   `block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y`					# 该方块在当前点击方块左方，即九宫格的4位置`block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y`					# 该方块在当前点击方块右方，即九宫格的6位置`block.x == bk.x and block.y == bk.y - SIZE`					# 该方块在当前点击方块下方，即九宫格的2位置`block.x == bk.x and block.y == bk.y + SIZE`					# 该方块在当前点击方块上方，即九宫格的8位置`block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y - SIZE`	  # 该方块在当前点击方块左下方，即九宫格的1位置`block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y - SIZE`	  # 该方块在当前点击方块右下方，即九宫格的3位置`block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y + SIZE`	  # 该方块在当前点击方块左上方，即九宫格的7位置`block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y + SIZE `	  # 该方块在当前点击方块右上方，即九宫格的9位置

注：需先在初始化地雷列表代码中定义 block.isbomb= False，否则会报AttributeError: 'Actor' object has no attribute 'isbomb'的错误

# 初始化地雷列表
for i in range(ROWS):for j in range(COLS):block = Actor("minesweep_block")	block.left = j * SIZE			block.top = i * SIZE				blocks[i].isbomb = Falseblock.isflag = False	block.isopen = False		     # 定义翻开标识blocks.append(block)

到这一步后，运行游戏，点击非地雷方块，若九宫格内都无地雷，会全部展开，否则，会告知其周围有几个地雷

6.判断点击地雷

failed = False		# 游戏失败标识
def on_mouse_down(pos, button):for block in blocks:if block.collidepoint(pos):if button == mouse.RIGHT:set_flag(block)elif button == mouse.LEFT and not block.isflag:# 判断点击的方块是否为地雷块if block.isbomb:blow_up()else:open_block(block)# 翻开地雷，判断游戏失败
def blow_up():global failed# 将failed改为True，代表游戏失败failed = Truedef draw():for block in blocks:block.draw()# 游戏失败判定if failed:screen.draw.text("Failed",center=(WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2),fontsize = 100, color = "red")

运行游戏，直接点击地雷会出现失败提示

7.游戏胜利判定

finished = False			# 游戏胜利标识
# 使用update函数实时检测游戏是否已达成结束条件
def update():global finished# 游戏已胜利或失败，则退出，游戏继续if finished or failed:return# 遍历所有方块for block in blocks:# 如果存在不是地雷、且未翻开的方块，则退出，游戏继续if not block.isbomb and not block.isopen:return# 所有非地雷的方块都已被翻开，则游戏结束finished = True
def draw():for block in blocks:block.draw()if failed:screen.draw.text("Failed",center=(WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2),fontsize = 100, color = "red")# 游戏胜利提示if finished:screen.draw.text("finished",center=(WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2),fontsize = 100, color = "red")

运行游戏，翻开所有非地雷的方块后

完整游戏代码

import randomROWS = 15				                    # 设置行数
COLS = 15				                    # 设置列数
SIZE = 25				                    # 方块尺寸
WIDTH = SIZE * COLS		                    # 游戏场景宽度
HEIGHT = SIZE * ROWS	                    # 游戏场景高度
failed = False		                        # 游戏失败标识
finished = False			                # 游戏胜利标识
blocks = []                                 # 方块列表
BOMBS = 20            		                # 地雷数量# 初始化方块列表
for i in range(ROWS):for j in range(COLS):block = Actor("minesweep_block")	# 方块初始显示背面状态block.left = j * SIZE				# 方块对应横坐标位置block.top = i * SIZE				# 方块对应纵坐标位置block.isbomb = False			    # 地雷标识，False表示其不是地雷block.isflag = False			    # 定义插旗标识block.isopen = False		        # 定义翻开标识blocks.append(block)random.shuffle(blocks)                      # 打乱方块列表
# 埋设地雷
for i in range(BOMBS):blocks[i].isbomb = True					# 设置其为地雷# blocks[i].image = "minesweep_bomb"	# 顺便将图片更换为地雷，方便测试# 处理鼠标事件
def on_mouse_down(pos, button):# 游戏已结束，不处理点击事件if finished or failed:returnfor block in blocks:# 判断点击矩阵中的哪个方块if block.collidepoint(pos) and not block.isopen:# 鼠标右键点击if button == mouse.RIGHT:# 处理右键插旗操作set_flag(block)# 鼠标左键点击elif button == mouse.LEFT and not block.isflag:# 点击地雷块if block.isbomb:blow_up()# 点击普通方块else:open_block(block)# 右键插旗操作           
def set_flag(block):# 判断是否已标记插旗，False：未标记，则标记为插旗状态，True：已标记，则取消标记if not block.isflag:block.image = "minesweep_flag"		# 更改为旗子图标block.isflag = Trueelse:block.image = "minesweep_block"		# 更改为普通图标block.isflag = False# 左键翻开操作
def open_block(bk):bk.isopen = True						# 标识为已翻开bombnum = get_bomb_number(bk)			# 获取其周围地雷数量bk.image = "minesweep_number" + str(bombnum)# 如果周围地雷数量不为0，则返回if bombnum != 0:return# 如果周围地雷数量为0，则翻开周围未翻开的方块for block in get_neighbours(bk):if not block.isopen:# 递归翻开方块九宫格区域未翻开的方块open_block(block)# 获取翻开方块周围9宫格区域存在的未翻开的方块
def get_neighbours(bk):nblocks = []for block in blocks:# 如果方块已翻开，则不插入列表中if block.isopen:continue# 如果方块在当前点击方块的九宫格区域内，则插入列表中if block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y \or block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y \or block.x == bk.x and block.y == bk.y - SIZE \or block.x == bk.x and block.y == bk.y + SIZE \or block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y - SIZE \or block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y - SIZE \or block.x == bk.x - SIZE and block.y == bk.y + SIZE \or block.x == bk.x + SIZE and block.y == bk.y + SIZE :		nblocks.append(block)return nblocks# 计算翻开方块周围9宫格区域的地雷数
def get_bomb_number(bk):num = 0# 遍历九宫格区域方块，计算地雷数量for block in get_neighbours(bk):if block.isbomb:num += 1return num# 翻开地雷，判断游戏失败
def blow_up():global failed# 将failed改为True，代表游戏失败failed = True# 使用update函数实时检测游戏是否已达成结束条件
def update():global finished# 游戏已胜利或失败，则退出，游戏继续if finished or failed:return# 遍历所有方块for block in blocks:# 如果存在不是地雷、且未翻开的方块，则退出，游戏继续if not block.isbomb and not block.isopen:return# 所有非地雷的方块都已被翻开，游戏胜利finished = True#  绘制图像
def draw():for block in blocks:block.draw()# 游戏失败判定if failed:screen.draw.text("Failed",center=(WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2),fontsize = 100, color = "red")# 游戏胜利提示if finished:screen.draw.text("finished",center=(WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2),fontsize = 100, color = "red")