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【birt】报表工具

2024/12/21 23:27:20 来源：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44919491/article/details/144552463  浏览:  次   关键词：【birt】报表工具

一、概念

BIRT报表工具是一个开源的、基于Eclipse的报表生成工具，专门用于为企业应用生成各种格式的报表。它能够帮助开发人员在Java应用中嵌入报告和数据分析功能，提供丰富的报表设计、数据集成和视图呈现能力。BIRT广泛应用于企业的数据报告、业务智能、图表可视化等领域。
能够从各种数据源（如数据库、Web服务、XML、CSV等）获取数据，并基于这些数据生成图表、报表、仪表板等多种数据可视化形式。其核心功能包括报表设计、数据集成、图表生成、定制报表输出等。

二、BIRT由两部分组成

先设计，再运行

  • BIRT报表设计器：一个图形化界面的工具，用于设计报表的布局、格式、数据源等内容。它通常作为Eclipse插件使用，也可以独立下载使用。
  • BIRT运行时：报表设计完成后，可以在Java应用中通过BIRT运行时库来执行生成报表并输出结果。运行时可以嵌入到Web应用中，通过Web浏览器显示报表，或生成PDF、Excel等格式的报告。

三、BIRT对Java项目的好处

BIRT报表工具对Java项目有许多好处，特别是在需要生成业务报表和数据分析时：

  • 易于集成：BIRT能够很方便地集成到现有的Java应用中，包括Java Web应用和Java EE应用。它提供了运行时库，可以嵌入到Java代码中执行报表生成和导出功能。
  • 丰富的数据可视化：BIRT支持多种数据可视化方式，如图表（饼图、条形图、折线图等）、交叉表（Crosstab）、数据表等。你可以根据需要灵活选择图表类型，以更好地展示业务数据。
  • 支持多种数据源：BIRT支持从多种数据源提取数据，包括关系型数据库（SQL）、Web服务、文件（XML、CSV等）等，灵活的数据源支持让它能广泛应用于不同场景。
  • 强大的报表定制功能：通过BIRT的脚本功能（如JavaScript），开发人员可以实现更复杂的报表逻辑，比如动态过滤、条件格式化、数据计算等。
  • 支持多种输出格式：BIRT支持多种报表输出格式，如PDF、HTML、Excel、Word等，方便用户根据不同需求选择最适合的格式。
  • 开源且免费：BIRT是开源的，遵循Eclipse公共许可证（EPL），可以自由使用并进行二次开发，避免了高额的商业授权费用。

四、BIRT是全自动的吗？

BIRT并不是完全“自动化”的报表工具。它需要开发人员在报表设计和集成过程中进行一些手动配置和操作。具体来说：

  • 报表设计：虽然BIRT提供了可视化的设计器，但设计报表的布局、数据源、查询等内容依然需要手动配置。
  • 数据处理：BIRT从数据源获取数据并将其渲染为报表，但这个过程也需要开发人员指定数据源、编写SQL查询等，不能完全自动化。
  • 生成与导出：报表生成和导出可以通过BIRT的运行时库在Java应用中自动化完成，但这通常需要一定的编程工作来触发报表生成，并控制报表的参数和输出格式。

因此，BIRT为报表的生成和集成提供了很强的工具支持，但仍需要开发人员配置和操作，无法完全自动化。

五、下载BIRT4.3.1

https://www.genuitec.com/forums/topic/reports-project-deploying-to-tomcat-sha1-digest-error/
在这里插入图片描述

六、环境配置

  1. 解压缩，先拷贝下图三个，到工程的目录D:\yun\guoji-his\src\main\webapp\WEB-INF下，我这目录有，内容一样的，不复制了
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
  2. 将birt.tld复制到工程的目录D:\yun\guoji-his\src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\tlds下，我这目录有，内容一样的，不复制了
  3. 在工程的目录D:\yun\guoji-his\src\main\webapp\WEB-INF下，建立report-engine文件夹，在这里面建立以下四个文件夹
    在这里插入图片描述
  4. 将birt-runtime-4_3_1\WebViewerExample\webcontent文件夹，复制到web应用的根目录下
  5. 在web应用的根目录下建立reportFiles文件夹，用来存报表文件
    在这里插入图片描述
  6. 将web.xml中的以下内容，合并到工程的web.xml中
<display-name>Eclipse BIRT Report Viewer</display-name><!-- Default locale setting.--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_LOCALE</param-name><param-value>en-US</param-value></context-param><!-- Default timezone setting.Examples: "Europe/Paris", "GMT+1".Defaults to the container's timezone.		--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_TIMEZONE</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!--Report resources directory for preview. Defaults to ${birt home}--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_WORKING_FOLDER</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!--Temporary document files directory. Defaults to ${birt home}/documents--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_DOCUMENT_FOLDER</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!--Flag whether the report resources can only be accessed under theworking folder. Defaults to true--><context-param><param-name>WORKING_FOLDER_ACCESS_ONLY</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></context-param><!--Settings for how to deal with the url report path. e.g. "http://host/repo/test.rptdesign". Following values are supported:<all> 		- All paths.<domain>	- Only the paths with host matches current domain. Note the comparison is literal, "127.0.0.1" and "localhost" are considered as different hosts.<none> 		- URL paths are not supported.Defaults to "domain".--><context-param><param-name>URL_REPORT_PATH_POLICY</param-name><param-value>domain</param-value></context-param><!--Temporary image/chart directory. Defaults to ${birt home}/report/images--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_IMAGE_DIR</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!-- Engine log directory. Defaults to ${birt home}/logs --><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_LOG_DIR</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!-- Report engine log level --><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_LOG_LEVEL</param-name><param-value>WARNING</param-value></context-param><!--Directory where to store all the birt report script libraries (JARs).Defaults to ${birt home}/scriptlib--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_SCRIPTLIB_DIR</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!-- Resource location directory. Defaults to ${birt home} --><context-param><param-name>BIRT_RESOURCE_PATH</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!-- Preview report rows limit. An empty value means no limit. --><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_MAX_ROWS</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!--Max cube fetch levels limit for report preview (Only used whenpreviewing a report design file using the preview pattern)--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_MAX_CUBE_ROWLEVELS</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_MAX_CUBE_COLUMNLEVELS</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!-- Memory size in MB for creating a cube. --><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_CUBE_MEMORY_SIZE</param-name><param-value></param-value></context-param><!-- Defines the BIRT viewer configuration file --><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_CONFIG_FILE</param-name><param-value>WEB-INF/viewer.properties</param-value></context-param><!--Flag whether to allow server-side printing. Possible values are "ON"and "OFF". Defaults to "ON".--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_PRINT_SERVERSIDE</param-name><param-value>ON</param-value></context-param><!--Flag whether to force browser-optimized HTML output. Defaults to true--><context-param><param-name>HTML_ENABLE_AGENTSTYLE_ENGINE</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></context-param><!--Filename generator class/factory to use for the exported reports.--><context-param><param-name>BIRT_FILENAME_GENERATOR_CLASS</param-name><param-value>org.eclipse.birt.report.utility.filename.DefaultFilenameGenerator</param-value></context-param><!--Viewer Filter used to set the request character encoding to UTF-8.--><filter><filter-name>ViewerFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.filter.ViewerFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>ViewerFilter</filter-name><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name></filter-mapping><filter-mapping><filter-name>ViewerFilter</filter-name><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name></filter-mapping><!-- Viewer Servlet Context Listener --><listener><listener-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.listener.ViewerServletContextListener</listener-class></listener><!-- Viewer HttpSession Listener --><listener><listener-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.listener.ViewerHttpSessionListener</listener-class></listener><!-- Viewer Servlet, Supports SOAP --><servlet><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.servlet.ViewerServlet</servlet-class></servlet><!-- Engine Servlet --><servlet><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.servlet.BirtEngineServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/frameset</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/run</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/preview</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/download</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/parameter</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>	<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/document</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>	<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/output</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>	<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/extract</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><jsp-config><taglib><taglib-uri>/birt.tld</taglib-uri><taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tlds/birt.tld</taglib-location></taglib></jsp-config>

其中web.xml文件需做如下修改：

  • a、修改BIRT_VIEWER_WORKING_FOLDER项的值为reportFiles;
  • b、修改BIRT_VIEWER_DOCUMENT_FOLDER项的值为WEB-INF/report-engine/documents;
  • c、修改BIRT_VIEWER_IMAGE_DIR项的值为WEB-INF/report-engine/images;
  • d、修改BIRT_VIEWER_LOG_DIR项的值为WEB-INF/report-engine/logs;
    这里有个注意事项就是，这个日志文件如果配置了地址的话，到时候每次生成报表的时候，都会生成一批日志文件，会占用服务器资源。一个办法是定期的删除这个下面的文件，还有一个办法就是不配置日志文件地址，我就是采用第二种方法的。
  • e、修改BIRT_VIEWER_SCRIPTLIB_DIR项的值为WEB-INF/report-engine/scriptlib;
  • f、如果需调整日志级别可修改BIRT_VIEWER_LOG_LEVEL的值为ALL;
    可选的值有：ALL|SEVERE|WARNING|INFO|CONFIG|FINE|FINER|FINEST|OFF。级别由高到低。
    我合并且修改后的xml如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-appxmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"version="2.4"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"><display-name>myareahisjlnyb</display-name>
<!-- Spring框架配置 -->
<context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml</param-value>
</context-param><!-- BIRT Report Viewer配置 -->
<!-- Default locale setting -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_LOCALE</param-name><param-value>zh_CN</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Default timezone setting -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_TIMEZONE</param-name><param-value></param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Report resources directory for preview -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_WORKING_FOLDER</param-name><param-value>reportFiles</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Temporary document files directory -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_DOCUMENT_FOLDER</param-name><param-value>WEB-INF/report-engine/documents</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Flag whether the report resources can only be accessed under the working folder -->
<context-param><param-name>WORKING_FOLDER_ACCESS_ONLY</param-name><param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Settings for how to deal with the url report path -->
<context-param><param-name>URL_REPORT_PATH_POLICY</param-name><param-value>domain</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Temporary image/chart directory -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_IMAGE_DIR</param-name><param-value>WEB-INF/report-engine/images</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Engine log directory -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_LOG_DIR</param-name><param-value>WEB-INF/report-engine/logs</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Report engine log level -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_LOG_LEVEL</param-name><param-value>ALL</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Directory where to store all the birt report script libraries (JARs) -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_SCRIPTLIB_DIR</param-name><param-value>WEB-INF/report-engine/scriptlib</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Resource location directory -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_RESOURCE_PATH</param-name><param-value></param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Preview report rows limit -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_MAX_ROWS</param-name><param-value></param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Max cube fetch levels limit for report preview -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_MAX_CUBE_ROWLEVELS</param-name><param-value></param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_MAX_CUBE_COLUMNLEVELS</param-name><param-value></param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Memory size in MB for creating a cube -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_CUBE_MEMORY_SIZE</param-name><param-value></param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Defines the BIRT viewer configuration file -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_CONFIG_FILE</param-name><param-value>WEB-INF/viewer.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Flag whether to allow server-side printing -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_VIEWER_PRINT_SERVERSIDE</param-name><param-value>ON</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Flag whether to force browser-optimized HTML output -->
<context-param><param-name>HTML_ENABLE_AGENTSTYLE_ENGINE</param-name><param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Filename generator class/factory to use for the exported reports -->
<context-param><param-name>BIRT_FILENAME_GENERATOR_CLASS</param-name><param-value>org.eclipse.birt.report.utility.filename.DefaultFilenameGenerator</param-value>
</context-param><!-- Listeners -->
<listener><listener-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.listener.ViewerServletContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener><listener-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.listener.ViewerHttpSessionListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener><listener-class>areahis.util.SysContextListener</listener-class>
</listener><!-- Filters -->
<filter><filter-name>ViewerFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.filter.ViewerFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param>
</filter>
<filter><filter-name>SecurityFilter</filter-name><filter-class>areahis.filter.SecurityFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>sessionname</param-name><param-value>sessioninfo</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>excludefile</param-name><param-value>css,js,jpg,png,gif,bmp,swf,rar,pdf,doc,docx,html,ttf,woff,wasm</param-value></init-param>
</filter><!-- Filter Mappings -->
<filter-mapping><filter-name>ViewerFilter</filter-name><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping><filter-name>ViewerFilter</filter-name><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping><filter-name>SecurityFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping><!-- Servlets -->
<servlet><servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.servlet.BirtEngineServlet</servlet-class><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.eclipse.birt.report.servlet.ViewerServlet</servlet-class><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet><!-- Servlet Mappings -->
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/frameset</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>ViewerServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/run</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/preview</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/download</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/parameter</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/document</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/output</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>EngineServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/extract</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping><!-- JSP Config --><jsp-config><taglib><taglib-uri>/birt.tld</taglib-uri><taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tlds/birt.tld</taglib-location></taglib></jsp-config></web-app>
  1. 下面就是最重要的步骤了，Maven中jar包的引入，到底4.3.1需要引入多少包，以及哪些包，如下：
<dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</artifactId><version>4.3.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-discovery</groupId><artifactId>axis</artifactId><version>1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-cli</groupId><artifactId>commons-cli</artifactId><version>1.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.xml</groupId><artifactId>jaxrpc</artifactId><version>1.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>com.ibm.icu</artifactId><version>50.1.1.v201304230130</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.core.runtime</artifactId><version>3.9.0.v20130326-1255</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.core</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.core.runtime</artifactId><version>3.6.200.v20130402-1505</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.equinox.registry</artifactId><version>3.5.301.v20130717-1549</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.datatools.connectivity</artifactId><version>1.2.9.v201307261105</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.datatools.connectivity.oda</artifactId><version>3.4.1.v201308160907</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.datatools.connectivity.oda.consumer</artifactId><version>3.2.6.v201305170644</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>org.eclipse.osgi</artifactId><version>3.9.1.v20130814-1242</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.hfmx</groupId><artifactId>Tidy</artifactId><version>1.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-discovery</groupId><artifactId>commons-discovery</artifactId><version>0.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime</groupId><artifactId>viewservlets</artifactId><version>4.3.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime.3_7_1</groupId><artifactId>org.w3c.css.sac</artifactId><version>1.3.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime.3_7_1</groupId><artifactId>org.apache.batik.css</artifactId><version>1.6.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime.3_7_1</groupId><artifactId>org.apache.batik.util</artifactId><version>1.6.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime.3_7_1</groupId><artifactId>org.apache.xerces</artifactId><version>2.9.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.birt.runtime.3_7_1</groupId><artifactId>com.lowagie.text</artifactId><version>2.1.7</version></dependency>

所有的这些包，在下载的环境中都有，如果maven管理中没有的依赖的话，需要手动注册，注册方式如下：
mvn install:install-file -Dfile=e:/Tidy.jar -DgroupId=com.hfmx -DartifactId=Tidy -Dversion=1.0 -Dpackaging=jar -DgeneratePom=true

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