asp.net framework从webform开始创建mvc项目

新建web 应用程序

最简单的方式是手动选择一下，这里就不演示了

记录一下最初的web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--有关如何配置 ASP.NET 应用程序的详细信息，请访问https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=169433
-->
<configuration><system.web><compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.8.1" /><httpRuntime targetFramework="4.8.1" /></system.web><system.codedom><compilers><compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" /><compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\&quot;Web\&quot; /optionInfer+" /></compilers></system.codedom>
</configuration>

安装需要的包

只需要安装Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc 5.3.0即可

修改web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration><!--手动新增appSettings，其他都是安装包之后自动生成的--><appSettings><add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" /><add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" /><add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" /><add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" /></appSettings><system.web><compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.8.1" /><httpRuntime targetFramework="4.8.1" /></system.web><runtime><assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1"><dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" /><bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" /></dependentAssembly><dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" /><bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" /></dependentAssembly><dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" /><bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.3.0.0" newVersion="5.3.0.0" /></dependentAssembly></assemblyBinding></runtime><system.codedom><compilers><compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:1659;1699;1701;612;618" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /><compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:41008,40000,40008 /define:_MYTYPE=\&quot;Web\&quot; /optionInfer+" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /></compilers></system.codedom>
</configuration>

添加代码

新建App_Start文件夹，该文件下新建RouteConfig

using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;namespace WebApplication7
{public class RouteConfig{public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes){routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");routes.MapRoute(name: "Default",url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional });}}
}

添加Global.asax

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;namespace WebApplication7
{public class Global : System.Web.HttpApplication{protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e){AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);}}
}

新建Controllers文件夹，该文件下新建HomeController

using System.Web.Mvc;namespace WebApplication7.Controllers
{public class HomeController : Controller{/// <summary>/// 首页/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>[HttpGet]public ActionResult Index(){return View();}}
}

新建Views文件夹，该文件夹下新增Home和Shared文件夹，View下新建web.config

<?xml version="1.0"?><configuration><configSections><sectionGroup name="system.web.webPages.razor" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorWebSectionGroup, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"><section name="host" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.HostSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" /><section name="pages" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorPagesSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" /></sectionGroup></configSections><system.web.webPages.razor><host factoryType="System.Web.Mvc.MvcWebRazorHostFactory, System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.3.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /><pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage"><namespaces><add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" /><add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" /><add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" /><add namespace="System.Web.Routing" /><!--这个是自己的项目命名空间可以不加--><add namespace="WebApplication7" /></namespaces></pages></system.web.webPages.razor><appSettings><add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" /></appSettings><system.webServer><handlers><remove name="BlockViewHandler"/><add name="BlockViewHandler" path="*" verb="*" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.HttpNotFoundHandler" /></handlers></system.webServer><system.web><compilation><assemblies><add assembly="System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.3.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /></assemblies></compilation></system.web>
</configuration>

Shared下新建_Layout.cshtml

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh">
<head><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /><title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
</head>
<body><div>@RenderBody()</div>
</body>
</html>

Home下新建index.cshtml

@{Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}
@{ string hello = "Hello World";
}
<h1>@hello</h1>