dubbo http流量接入dubbo后端服务

简介

dubbo协议是基于TCP的二进制私有协议，更适合作为后端微服务间的高效RPC通信协议，也导致dubbo协议对于前端流量接入不是很友好。在dubo框架中，有两种方式可以解决这个问题：

多协议发布【推荐】，为dubbo协议服务暴露rest风格的http协议访问方式。
通过网关实现 http->dubbo协议转换，这种方式需要将http协议转换为后端服务能识别的dubbo协议，要求网关必须支持dubbo协议。

同时发布http、dubbo协议

dubbo框架支持为同一个服务发布多个协议，并且支持客户端通过同一个端口以不同的协议访问服务。

发布方式一

在dubbo协议的基础上增加tri协议

dubbo:protocol:name: dubboport: 20080ext-protocol: tri

public interface DemoService01 {String buyApple(Apple apple);String sayHello(String name);
}public class Apple implements Serializable {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private String name;public Apple(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Apple{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +'}';}
}

访问

curl --header "Content-Type:application/json"  --data '{"name":"apple"}' http://localhost:20880/com.doudou.rpc.api.DemoService01/buyApple curl --header "Content-Type:text/html"  --data "name" http://localhost:20880/com.doudou.rpc.api.DemoService01/sayHello

发布方式二

只使用tri协议

dubbo:protocol:name: triport: 50053

访问

curl --header "Content-Type:application/json"  --data '{"name":"apple"}' http://localhost:50053/com.doudou.rpc.api.DemoService01/buyApple curl --header "Content-Type:text/html"  --data "name" http://localhost:50053/com.doudou.rpc.api.DemoService01/sayHello

使用REST风格

引入javax.ws.rs-api

<dependency><groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId><artifactId>javax.ws.rs-api</artifactId><version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>

在使用方法上添加路径注解

import com.alibaba.fastjson2.JSON;
import com.doudou.demo.api.DemoService;
import com.doudou.demo.po.User;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.ws.rs.*;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;@Path("/demo")
@DubboService
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DemoServiceImpl.class);/*** curl --header "Content-Type:text/html"  --data "word" http://localhost:50051/demo/hello* curl --header "Content-Type:text/html"  --data "word" http://localhost:50051/com.doudou.demo.api.DemoService/sayHello*/@Path("/hello")@POST@Overridepublic String sayHello(String name) {logger.info("name:{}", name);return "hello " + name;}/*** curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:text/html" http://localhost:50051/demo/hello2/world*/@Path("/hello2/{name}")@POST@Overridepublic String sayHello2(@PathParam("name") String name) {logger.info("name 2:{}", name);return "hello 2 " + name;}/*** curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:application/json" "http://localhost:50051/demo/hello3?name=doudou"*/@Path("/hello3")@POST@Overridepublic String sayHello3(@QueryParam("name") String name) {logger.info("name 3:{}", name);return "hello 3 " + name;}/*** curl -X POST "http://localhost:50051/demo/hello4" --header "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"  -d "name=admin"* curl -X POST "http://localhost:50051/com.doudou.demo.api.DemoService/sayHello4" --header "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"  -d "name=admin1"** @FormParam 用于接收表单数据‌（application/x-www-form-urlencoded 或 multipart/form-data）：*/@Path("/hello4")@POST@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)  // 必须指定表单类型@Overridepublic String sayHello4(@FormParam("name") String name) {logger.info("name 4:{}", name);return "hello 4 " + name;}/*** curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:application/json" -H "name: world" http://localhost:50051/demo/hello5* curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:application/json" -H "name: world" http://localhost:50051/com.doudou.demo.api.DemoService/sayHello5*/@Path("/hello5")@POST@Overridepublic String sayHello5(@HeaderParam("name") String name) {logger.info("name 5:{}", name);return "hello 5 " + name;}/*** curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:application/json" -H "cookie:name=world" http://localhost:50051/demo/hello6* curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:application/json" -H "cookie:name=world" http://localhost:50051/com.doudou.demo.api.DemoService/sayHello6*/@Path("/hello6")@POST@Overridepublic String sayHello6(@CookieParam("name") String name) {logger.info("name 6:{}", name);return "hello 6 " + name;}/***  curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:application/json" --data '{"id":1,"name":"world"}'  http://localhost:50051/com.doudou.demo.api.DemoService/sayHello7*  curl -X POST --header "Content-Type:application/json" --data '{user:{"id":1,"name":"world"}, user2:{"id":2,"name":"world2"}}'  http://localhost:50051/com.doudou.demo.api.DemoService/sayHello7**  {"id":1,"name":"world"}*/@Path("/hello7")@POST@Overridepublic String sayHello7(User user, User user2) {logger.info("user:{}", JSON.toJSONString(user));logger.info("user2:{}", JSON.toJSONString(user2));return JSON.toJSONString(user);}
}