在Android中创建DialogFragment

DialogFragment是Android中创建对话框的推荐方式，它比传统的Dialog类更灵活且生命周期更完善。以下是创建DialogFragment的完整指南：

基本创建步骤

1. 继承DialogFragment类

public class MyDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {// 对话框逻辑将在这里实现
}

2. 重写onCreateView或onCreateDialog

有两种主要方式创建对话框内容：

方式一：使用自定义布局（重写onCreateView）

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {// 膨胀自定义布局View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_dialog, container, false);// 初始化视图组件Button button = view.findViewById(R.id.button);button.setOnClickListener(v -> {// 处理点击事件dismiss(); // 关闭对话框});return view;
}

方式二：使用AlertDialog（重写onCreateDialog）

@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());builder.setTitle("提示").setMessage("这是一个对话框示例").setPositiveButton("确定", (dialog, which) -> {// 确定按钮点击处理}).setNegativeButton("取消", (dialog, which) -> {// 取消按钮点击处理});return builder.create();
}

3. 显示对话框

在Activity或Fragment中显示对话框：

MyDialogFragment dialogFragment = new MyDialogFragment();
dialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), "MyDialogFragment");

完整示例代码

自定义布局对话框示例

1. 布局文件 (res/layout/fragment_dialog.xml)

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:orientation="vertical"android:padding="16dp"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/title"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="自定义对话框"android:textSize="18sp"/><EditTextandroid:id="@+id/input"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:hint="请输入内容"android:layout_marginTop="16dp"/><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/ok_button"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_gravity="end"android:layout_marginTop="16dp"android:text="确定"/>
</LinearLayout>

2. DialogFragment实现

public class CustomDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {public interface DialogListener {void onDialogPositiveClick(String inputText);}private DialogListener listener;public void setDialogListener(DialogListener listener) {this.listener = listener;}@Overridepublic View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_dialog, container, false);EditText input = view.findViewById(R.id.input);Button okButton = view.findViewById(R.id.ok_button);okButton.setOnClickListener(v -> {if (listener != null) {listener.onDialogPositiveClick(input.getText().toString());}dismiss();});return view;}
}

3. 在Activity中使用

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CustomDialogFragment.DialogListener {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);Button showDialogBtn = findViewById(R.id.show_dialog_btn);showDialogBtn.setOnClickListener(v -> {CustomDialogFragment dialog = new CustomDialogFragment();dialog.setDialogListener(this);dialog.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), "CustomDialog");});}@Overridepublic void onDialogPositiveClick(String inputText) {// 处理对话框返回的数据Toast.makeText(this, "输入内容: " + inputText, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
}

高级用法

1. 设置对话框样式

在styles.xml中定义样式：

<style name="MyDialogTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.Dialog.Alert"><item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item><item name="android:windowBackground">@drawable/dialog_background</item><item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>
</style>

在DialogFragment中应用样式：

@Override
public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setStyle(DialogFragment.STYLE_NORMAL, R.style.MyDialogTheme);
}

2. 全屏对话框

@Override
public void onStart() {super.onStart();Dialog dialog = getDialog();if (dialog != null) {int width = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;int height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;dialog.getWindow().setLayout(width, height);}
}

3. 对话框动画

创建动画资源(res/anim/):

slide_in_bottom.xml

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><translateandroid:duration="@android:integer/config_shortAnimTime"android:fromYDelta="100%"android:toYDelta="0%"/>
</set>

slide_out_bottom.xml

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><translateandroid:duration="@android:integer/config_shortAnimTime"android:fromYDelta="0%"android:toYDelta="100%"/>
</set>

应用动画：

@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle arg0) {super.onActivityCreated(arg0);getDialog().getWindow().getAttributes().windowAnimations = R.style.DialogAnimation;
}