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《深入浅出WPF》读书笔记.6binding系统(中)

2024/11/30 10:13:21 来源：https://blog.csdn.net/yannsann/article/details/141498942  浏览:  次   关键词：《深入浅出WPF》读书笔记.6binding系统(中)

《深入浅出WPF》读书笔记.6binding系统(中)

背景

这章主要讲各种模式的数据源和目标的绑定。

代码

把控件作为Binding源与Binding标记扩展

方便UI元素之间进行关联互动

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.BindingEle"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="BindingEle" Height="300" Width="400"><Grid><Canvas><TextBox x:Name="tb1" Text="{Binding ElementName=slider1, Path=Value, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" Width="200"Canvas.Left="100" Canvas.Top="117" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Top"></TextBox><Slider x:Name="slider1" Maximum="100" Minimum="0" Canvas.Left="100" Canvas.Top="142" Width="200" RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,-0.069" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Top"Value="50"/><Button x:Name="btn" Content="失去焦点" Width="120" Canvas.Left="140" Canvas.Top="165"></Button></Canvas></Grid>
</Window>


控制Binding的方向及数据更新

Mode:

TwoWay:双向

OneWay:单向(source到target)

OneTime:一次(source到target)

OneWayToSource:单向(Target到source)

Default：看情况随机调整


Binding的路径(Path)

使用binding path来指定所关注的属性值

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.ListPathDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"QAxmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="ListPathDemo" Height="300" Width="400"><Grid><StackPanel><StackPanel.Resources><sys:String x:Key="myStr">菩提本无树，明镜亦非台</sys:String></StackPanel.Resources><TextBox x:Name="tb1"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tb2"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tb3"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tbNopath" Text="{Binding Path=.,Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=myStr}}"></TextBox></StackPanel></Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;namespace BindingSysDemo
{/// <summary>/// ListPathDemo.xaml 的交互逻辑/// </summary>public partial class ListPathDemo : Window{public ListPathDemo(){InitializeComponent();//List<string> strList = new List<string>() { "Tim", "Tom", "John" };//this.tb1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, new Binding("/") { Source = strList });//this.tb2.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, new Binding("/Length") { Source = strList, Mode = BindingMode.OneWay });//this.tb3.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, new Binding("/[2]") { Source = strList, Mode = BindingMode.OneWay });List<Country> countryList = new List<Country>(){new Country(){Name = "美国",ProvinceList = new List<Province> { new Province { Name="德克萨斯洲",CityList=new List<City>{new City{Name="纽约"},new City{Name="哈萨克"}} } }} };this.tb1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, new Binding("/Name") { Source = countryList });this.tb2.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, new Binding("/ProvinceList/Name") { Source = countryList, Mode = BindingMode.OneWay });this.tb3.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, new Binding("/ProvinceList/CityList/Name") { Source = countryList, Mode = BindingMode.OneWay });}}class City{public string Name { get; set; }}class Province{public string Name { get; set; }public List<City> CityList { get; set; }}class Country{public string Name { get; set; }public List<Province> ProvinceList { get; set; }}
}


“没有Path”的Binding

binding源本身就是数据,Path=.指定自身

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.ListPathDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="ListPathDemo" Height="300" Width="400"><Grid><StackPanel><StackPanel.Resources><sys:String x:Key="myStr">菩提本无树，明镜亦非台</sys:String></StackPanel.Resources><TextBox x:Name="tb1"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tb2"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tb3"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tbNopath" Text="{Binding Path=.,Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=myStr}}"></TextBox></StackPanel></Grid>
</Window>


为Binding指定源(Source)的几种方法


没有Source的BindingDatataContext作为Binding的源

DataContext做为依赖属性当控件底层元素没有设置dataconetxt时会向下传递。看起来像在一层一层向上找。

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.DataContextDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="DataContextDemo" Height="300" Width="400"><StackPanel Background="LightBlue"><StackPanel.DataContext><local:Employee Id="1" Age="20" Name="Jack"></local:Employee></StackPanel.DataContext><Grid><StackPanel><TextBox Text="{Binding Path=Id}" Margin="5"></TextBox><TextBox Text="{Binding Path=Name}" Margin="5"></TextBox><TextBox Text="{Binding Path=Age}" Margin="5"></TextBox></StackPanel></Grid></StackPanel>
</Window>


使用集合对象作为列表控件的 ItemsSource

在使用集合类型作为列表控件的ItemsSource 时一般会考虑使用ObservableCollection<T>代替
List<T>,因为ObservableCollection<T>类实现了INotifyCollectionChanged和INotifyPropertyChanged接口,能把集合的变化
立刻通知显示它的列表控件,改变会立刻显现出来,

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.ItemSourceDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="ItemSourceDemo" Height="300" Width="400"><Grid><StackPanel x:Name="sp1" Background="LightBlue"><TextBlock Text="Employee ID:" Margin="5"></TextBlock><TextBox x:Name="tbId" Margin="5"></TextBox><TextBlock x:Name="tblId" Margin="5" Text="Employee List:"></TextBlock><ListBox x:Name="listBoxEmployee" Height="150" Margin="5"><!--在xaml中适用DataTemplate--><ListBox.ItemTemplate><DataTemplate><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Id}" Width="120"></TextBlock><TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Name}" Width="120"></TextBlock><TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Age}" Width="120"></TextBlock></StackPanel></DataTemplate></ListBox.ItemTemplate></ListBox></StackPanel></Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;namespace BindingSysDemo
{/// <summary>/// ItemSourceDemo.xaml 的交互逻辑/// </summary>public partial class ItemSourceDemo : Window{public ItemSourceDemo(){InitializeComponent();List<Employee> employees = new List<Employee>(){new Employee(){Id=1,Name="Tom",Age="20" },new Employee(){Id=2,Name="Shoyn",Age="20" },new Employee(){Id=3,Name="Timi",Age="20" },new Employee(){Id=4,Name="Jack",Age="20" }};this.listBoxEmployee.ItemsSource = employees;//在listBox获取ItemsSource后会以DisplayMemberPath创建binding//this.listBoxEmployee.DisplayMemberPath = "Name";Binding binding = new Binding("SelectedItem.Id") { Source = this.listBoxEmployee, Mode = BindingMode.OneWay, UpdateSourceTrigger = UpdateSourceTrigger.PropertyChanged };this.tbId.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, binding);}}
}


使用ADO.NET对象作为Binding的源

正常使用dataview用来binding，当datatable放在datacontext中时，可以自动选找到datable的defaultview进行绑定

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.DatatableDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="DatatableDemo" Height="300" Width="400"><Grid><StackPanel Background="AliceBlue"><ListView x:Name="listView1" Height="250" Margin="5"><ListView.View><GridView><GridViewColumn Header="Id" Width="80" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Id}"></GridViewColumn><GridViewColumn Header="Name" Width="80" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Name}"></GridViewColumn><GridViewColumn Header="Age" Width="80" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Age}"></GridViewColumn></GridView></ListView.View></ListView><Button x:Name="btn1" Click="btn1_Click" Content="点击一下" Width="120"></Button></StackPanel></Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;namespace BindingSysDemo
{/// <summary>/// DatatableDemo.xaml 的交互逻辑/// </summary>public partial class DatatableDemo : Window{public DatatableDemo(){InitializeComponent();}private void btn1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e){DataTable dt = new DataTable();dt.Columns.Add("Id", typeof(int));dt.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));dt.Columns.Add("Age", typeof(string));for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();dataRow["Id"] = i;dataRow["Name"] = "Name" + i.ToString();dataRow["Age"] = 20 + i;dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);}this.listView1.ItemsSource = dt.DefaultView;this.listView1.DisplayMemberPath = "Name";}}
}


使用XML数据作为Binding的源

使用xpath而不是path

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.XmlSourceBindingDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="XmlSourceBindingDemo" Height="400" Width="400"><StackPanel><ListView x:Name="listView1" Height="300" Margin="5"><ListView.View><GridView><!--@Id表示xml元素的attribute Id Name则代表子级元素 --><GridViewColumn Header="Id" Width="120" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=@Id}"></GridViewColumn><GridViewColumn Header="Name" Width="120" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=Name}"></GridViewColumn></GridView></ListView.View></ListView><Button x:Name="btn1" Content="添加数据" Width="120" Click="btn1_Click"></Button></StackPanel>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Xml;namespace BindingSysDemo
{/// <summary>/// XmlSourceBindingDemo.xaml 的交互逻辑/// </summary>public partial class XmlSourceBindingDemo : Window{public XmlSourceBindingDemo(){InitializeComponent();}private void btn1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e){XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();string xmlPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "StudentList.xml";xmlDocument.Load(xmlPath);XmlDataProvider xdp = new XmlDataProvider();//xdp.Document = xmlDocument;xdp.Source=new Uri(xmlPath);xdp.XPath = @"/StudentList/Student";this.listView1.DataContext = xdp;this.listView1.SetBinding(ListView.ItemsSourceProperty, new Binding());}}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<StudentList><Student Id="1"><Name>Tom</Name><Age>20</Age></Student><Student Id="2"><Name>Tim</Name><Age>20</Age></Student><Student Id="3"><Name>Jack</Name><Age>20</Age></Student><Student Id="4"><Name>john</Name><Age>20</Age></Student><Student Id="5"><Name>Mark</Name><Age>20</Age></Student>
</StudentList>

层级结构

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.HierarchicalDataTplDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="HierarchicalDataTplDemo" Height="400" Width="400"><Window.Resources><XmlDataProvider x:Key="xdp" XPath="FileSystem/Forder"><x:XData><FileSystem xmlns=""><Forder Name="Books"><Forder Name="Programming"><Forder Name="Windows"><Forder Name="WPF"></Forder><Forder Name="MFC"></Forder><Forder Name="Dephi"></Forder></Forder></Forder><Forder Name="Tools"><Forder Name="Developmentg"></Forder><Forder Name="Designment"></Forder><Forder Name="Players"></Forder></Forder></Forder></FileSystem></x:XData></XmlDataProvider></Window.Resources><Grid><TreeView ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource xdp}}"><TreeView.ItemTemplate><HierarchicalDataTemplate ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Forder}"><TextBlock Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"></TextBlock></HierarchicalDataTemplate></TreeView.ItemTemplate></TreeView></Grid>
</Window>


使用LINQ检查结果作为Binding的源

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.LinqBindingDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="LinqBindingDemo" Height="400" Width="400"><Grid><StackPanel Background="AliceBlue"><ListView x:Name="listView1" Height="250" Margin="5"><ListView.View><GridView><GridViewColumn Header="Id" Width="80" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Id}"></GridViewColumn><GridViewColumn Header="Name" Width="80" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Name}"></GridViewColumn><GridViewColumn Header="Age" Width="80" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Age}"></GridViewColumn></GridView></ListView.View></ListView><Button x:Name="btn1" Click="btn1_Click" Content="点击一下" Width="120"></Button></StackPanel></Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;namespace BindingSysDemo
{/// <summary>/// LinqBindingDemo.xaml 的交互逻辑/// </summary>public partial class LinqBindingDemo : Window{public LinqBindingDemo(){InitializeComponent();}private void btn1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e){//操作List//List<Employee> employees = new List<Employee>()//{//    new Employee(){Id=1,Name="Tom",Age="20" },//    new Employee(){Id=2,Name="Shoyn",Age="20" },//    new Employee(){Id=3,Name="Timi",Age="20" },//    new Employee(){Id=4,Name="Jack",Age="20" }//};//this.listView1.ItemsSource = from stu in employees where stu.Name.Contains("T") select stu;XDocument xmlDoc = XDocument.Load(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "StudentList2.xml");//适用linq操作xml Descendants可以跨越层级this.listView1.ItemsSource = from eml in xmlDoc.Descendants("Student")where eml.Attribute("Name").Value.StartsWith("T")select new Employee{Id = int.Parse(eml.Attribute("Id").Value),Name = eml.Attribute("Name").Value,Age = eml.Attribute("Age").Value};}}
}


使用ObjectDataProvider对象作为Binding的Source

当不想暴漏类对象的全部属性值，或者想使用方法返回值作为绑定值时

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.ObjectDataProviderDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="ObjectDataProviderDemo" Height="400" Width="400"><StackPanel Background="AliceBlue"><TextBox x:Name="tbArg1" Margin="5"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tbArg2" Margin="5"></TextBox><TextBox x:Name="tbRes" Margin="5"></TextBox></StackPanel>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;namespace BindingSysDemo
{/// <summary>/// ObjectDataProviderDemo.xaml 的交互逻辑/// 当只想暴漏部分属性的时候/// </summary>public partial class ObjectDataProviderDemo : Window{public ObjectDataProviderDemo(){InitializeComponent();this.SetBinding();}private void SetBinding(){ObjectDataProvider odp = new ObjectDataProvider();//让ObjectDataProvider自行创建对象//odp.ObjectType = typeof(Calculator);odp.ObjectInstance = new Calculator();odp.MethodName = "Add";//ObjectDataProvider通过参数数量来区分重载方法//MethodParameters并非依赖属性odp.MethodParameters.Add("0");odp.MethodParameters.Add("0");Binding binding2Arg1 = new Binding("MethodParameters[0]"){Source = odp,//直接写若obp对象而不是CalculatorBindsDirectlyToSource = true,UpdateSourceTrigger = UpdateSourceTrigger.PropertyChanged};Binding binding2Arg2 = new Binding("MethodParameters[1]"){Source = odp,BindsDirectlyToSource = true,UpdateSourceTrigger = UpdateSourceTrigger.PropertyChanged};Binding binding2Res = new Binding(".") { Source = odp };this.tbArg1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, binding2Arg1);this.tbArg2.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, binding2Arg2);this.tbRes.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, binding2Res);}}
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace BindingSysDemo
{public class Calculator{public string Add(string arg1, string arg2){double x = 0;double y = 0;double z = 0;if (double.TryParse(arg1, out x) && double.TryParse(arg2, out y)){z = x + y;return z.ToString();}return "Input Error!";}}
}


使用Binding的RelativeSource

不确定数据来源，但在UI层级上有关系时使用

<Window x:Class="BindingSysDemo.RelativeSouceDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BindingSysDemo"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="RelativeSouce" Height="400" Width="400"><Grid x:Name="g1" Background="Red" Margin="10"><DockPanel x:Name="d1" Background="Orange" Margin="10"><Grid x:Name="g2" Background="Yellow" Margin="10"><DockPanel x:Name="d2" Background="LawnGreen" Margin="10"><TextBox x:Name="tb1" FontSize="24" Margin="10"Text="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorLevel=2 ,AncestorType={x:Type Grid}},Path=Name}"></TextBox></DockPanel></Grid></DockPanel></Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;namespace BindingSysDemo
{/// <summary>/// RelativeSouce.xaml 的交互逻辑/// 当不知道source是什么,但清楚其与binding的目标对象有层级关系时/// </summary>public partial class RelativeSouceDemo : Window{public RelativeSouceDemo(){InitializeComponent();/*RelativeSource rs =new RelativeSource(RelativeSourceMode.FindAncestor);//RelativeSourceMode.Self 绑定自身属性//从当前层向上找到第二个Gridrs.AncestorLevel = 2;rs.AncestorType = typeof(Grid);Binding binding = new Binding("Name") { RelativeSource = rs };this.tb1.SetBinding(TextBox.TextProperty, binding);*/}}
}

git地址

GitHub - wanghuayu-hub2021/WpfBookDemo: 深入浅出WPF的demo

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