AJAX二、案例练习：图书管理（bootstrap弹窗），图片上传（知识点），网站换肤、个人设置，英雄百科，分类商品

bootstrap弹窗

官网链接：

1.通过属性控制，弹框显示或隐藏

2.通过JS控制，弹框显示或隐藏

一、图书管理（案例）

1.图书列表(渲染数据）

2.新增图书（新增数据）

3.删除图书（删除数据）

4.编辑图书（修改数据）

// 有一个creator 数据，表示自己的账户名
const creator = 'daqiu8888'// 获取服务器的数据渲染 -- 新增-编辑和删除都需要请求服务器最新数据渲染 → 封装函数
function render() {// 发请求得到数据 → 渲染页面axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/books',params: {creator}}).then(res=>{// console.log(res)// data.datalet str = res.data.data.map((item, index)=>{const {bookname, author,publisher, id} = itemreturn `<tr><td>${index+1}</td><td>${bookname}</td><td>${author}</td><td>${publisher}</td><td><span class="del" data-id="${id}">删除</span><span class="edit" data-id="${id}">编辑</span></td></tr>`}).join('')document.querySelector('.list').innerHTML = str})
}render()// 删除和编辑 → 事件委托
let id = ''
document.querySelector('.list').addEventListener('click', function(e) {// 如果点击的是删除按钮 执行删除功能 → 按id删除 → 数据来源于服务器：向服务器发请求，删除的请求-id → 服务器执行删除 → 渲染最新数据id = e.target.dataset.idif (e.target.classList.contains('del')) {// console.log(1)// `https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/books/${id}`axios({url: `https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/books/${id}`,method: 'DELETE'}).then(res=>{// console.log(res)// 重新请求新数据去渲染render()})}// 编辑if (e.target.classList.contains('edit')) {edModal.show()// 数据回显 → 数据都在服务器上面，要拿着id向服务器发请求，拿到最新的数据渲染到value值axios({url: `https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/books/${id}`}).then(res=>{console.log(res)const data = res.data.data// 放上父选择器edit-form，新增和编辑的表单输入框名字相同，新增在上面，querySelector只找第一个// document.querySelector('.edit-form .bookname').value = data.bookname// document.querySelector('.edit-form .author').value = data.author// document.querySelector('.edit-form .publisher').value = data.publisherfor (const key in data) {// 对象名.属性名 -- 必须是真实存在的属性名// key 是变量名 对象名[变量]document.querySelector(`.edit-form .${key}`).value = data[key]}})}
})// 修改按钮的点击事件 → 收集用户新输入的数据 发送到服务器保存 → 渲染新数据 → 关闭弹窗
document.querySelector('.edit-btn').addEventListener('click', function() {const data = serialize(document.querySelector('.edit-form'), {hash: true, empty: true})axios({url: `https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/books/${id}`,  // 这里的id要和事件委托的id相同 → 把事件委托的id提到全局变量method: 'put',data: {creator,...data}}).then(res => {// console.log(res)render()edModal.hide()})
})// 定义编辑编辑的弹窗
const editModal = document.querySelector('.edit-modal')
const edModal = new bootstrap.Modal(editModal)// 增加图书 → 添加按钮点击，弹出输入框 → 用户输入，点增加按钮，把用户输入的数据发送到服务器保存 → 发请求得到最新数据渲染
// 把增加的弹窗写到全局 → 增加完图书要隐藏弹窗
const addModal = document.querySelector('.add-modal')
const modal = new bootstrap.Modal(addModal)
document.querySelector('.plus-btn').addEventListener('click', function() {modal.show()
})document.querySelector('.add-btn').addEventListener('click', function() {// 用serialize收集数据 → 检查表单输入框是否有name属性// serialize(收集表单,{hash:true,empty:true})const data = serialize(document.querySelector('.add-form'), {hash:true,empty:true})console.log(data)axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/books',method: 'post',data: {creator,// 解构data常量...data}}).then(res=>{// console.log(res)render()modal.hide()// document.querySelector('.bookname').value = ''// document.querySelector('.author').value = ''// document.querySelector('.publisher').value = ''// console.log(Object.keys(data))  [bookname, author, publisher]Object.keys(data).forEach(key => {document.querySelector(`.${key}`).value = ''})})
})

二、图片上传（知识点）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title><style>img{width: 200px;}</style>
</head><body><!-- file标签 --><input type="file" class="upload"><!-- 渲染服务器返回的图片URL --><img src="" class="img" alt=""><!-- 导入axios --><script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/axios/1.2.0/axios.min.js"></script><script>/*** 图片上传* 1. 选择图片* 2. FormData对象* 3. 调用上传接口* */document.querySelector('.upload').addEventListener('change', function() {console.log(this.files[0])const data = new FormData()// 往data对象里面新增数据// data.append(key与接口参数名相同, 图片相关信息)data.append('img', this.files[0])// console.log(data)axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/uploadimg',method: 'POST',data}).then(res =>{console.log(res.data.data.url)document.querySelector('.img').src = res.data.data.url})})</script>
</body></html>

三、网站换肤（案例）

// 给input标签skin注册change事件，上传图片，得到图片的地址，再设置给body标签作为背景图
document.querySelector('#skin').addEventListener('change', function() {// console.log(this.files[0])const data = new FormData()data.append('img', this.files[0])axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/uploadimg',method: 'post',data}).then(res => {// console.log(res.data.data.url)// document.body.style.backgroundImage = `url(${res.data.data.url})`// // 先保存到localstorage，背景图路径从localstorage取localStorage.setItem('url', res.data.data.url)document.body.style.backgroundImage = `url(${localStorage.getItem('url')})`})})// 如果第一次打开 localstorage没有URL会报错，如果没有 取空字符串document.body.style.backgroundImage = `url(${localStorage.getItem('url') || ''})`

四、个人设置（案例）

需求

信息渲染

修改头像

修改信息

const creator = 'daqiu'// 头像上传 → 修改img的src是在线url
document.querySelector('#upload').addEventListener('change', function() {// 组合数据 → 图片 和 creatorconst data = new FormData()data.append('avatar', this.files[0])data.append('creator', creator)// 发axios请求axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/avatar',method: 'put',data}).then(res =>{// console.log(res.data.data.avatar)document.querySelector('.avatar').src = res.data.data.avatar})
})// 默认获取个人信息并渲染
function render() {axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/settings',params: {creator}}).then(res =>{// console.log(res)// 考虑将来用户输入多，不能一个个的更改 → 按key遍历 → 如果key==avatar 找到img标签换src属性值// console.log(Object.keys(res.data.data))  // ['avatar', 'nickname', 'email', 'desc', 'gender']Object.keys(res.data.data).forEach(key =>{if (key == 'avatar') {// document.querySelector('.avatar').src = res.data.data.avatardocument.querySelector('.avatar').src = res.data.data[key]} else if (key == 'gender') {// 性别 → 在两个radio里面选出一个设置checked属性值为true → 性别得到的是数字0和1// 把数字0和1当做索引从两个标签中找一个 设置 checked属性值const gender = res.data.data.genderconst genders = document.querySelectorAll('.gender')genders[gender].checked = true} else {document.querySelector(`.${key}`).value = res.data.data[key]}})})
}render()document.querySelector('.submit').addEventListener('click', function() {// 收集用户输入的数据发送到后台const data = serialize(document.querySelector('.user-form'), {hash: true, empty: true})// 接口要求的gender值是整数，但收集到的value值是字符串类型data.gender = +data.genderaxios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/settings',method: 'put',data: {creator, ...data}}).then(res=>{console.log(res)render()})
})

五、英雄百科（例）

1.渲染英雄列表数据，2搜索英雄，3.渲染英雄详情数据

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/bootstrap.min.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/index.css" /><title>英雄百科</title>
</head><body><div class="main"><img class="cover" src="https://img.crawler.qq.com/lolwebschool/0/JAutoCMS_LOLWeb_f6416138ae858f73e2ca40a11587e17f/0" /><div class="hero-container"><input type="text" class="search" placeholder="检索" /><ul class="list"><li><img src="http://game.gtimg.cn/images/lol/act/img/champion/Annie.png" class="pic" alt="" /><p>安妮</p></li></ul></div></div><div id="infoModal" class="modal" tabindex="-1"><div class="modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><h5 class="modal-title">黑暗之女安妮</h5><button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="info"><img src="http://game.gtimg.cn/images/lol/act/img/champion/Annie.png" class="icon img-thumbnail" alt="..." /><div class="progress-box"><div class="progress"><div class="attack progress-bar bg-success" style="width: 25%">攻击:</div></div><div class="progress"><div class="defense progress-bar bg-info" role="progressbar" style="width: 50%">防御:</div></div><div class="progress"><div class="magic progress-bar bg-warning" role="progressbar" style="width: 75%">魔法:</div></div><div class="progress"><div class="difficulty progress-bar bg-danger" role="progressbar" style="width: 100%">难度:</div></div></div></div><p>拥有危险夺命的能力，却长着一幅小大人儿的可爱模样，这就是掌握深不可测占火魔法的女孩——安妮。安妮生活在诺克萨斯北边的山脚下，但即便是在这种地方，她也依然是魔法师中的异类。她与火焰的紧密关系与生俱来——最初那些火焰是伴随着喜怒无常的冲动情绪出现的，后来她学会了如何掌握这些“好玩的小把戏”。其中，安妮最喜欢的就是她召唤亲爱的泰迪熊提伯斯——那头狂野的守护火兽。如今安妮已经迷失在了永恒的天真里，她在黑暗森林中游荡，寻觅着能陪自己玩耍的人。</p></div></div></div></div>
</body>
<script src="./lib/axios.js"></script>
<script src="./lib/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script>/***渲染英雄列表数据*搜索英雄*渲染英雄详情数据* */// 渲染列表function render() {axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/lol/search',}).then(res => {// console.log(res.data)document.querySelector('.list').innerHTML = res.data.data.map(function(el, index) {return `<li><img src="${el.icon}" class="pic" alt="" /><p>${el.title}</p></li>`}).join('')})}render()// 搜索英雄const search = document.querySelector('.search')search.addEventListener('keyup', function(e) {if (search.value.trim() == '') {return alert('内容不能为空')}if (e.key !== 'Enter') {return}axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/lol/search',params: {q: this.value.trim(),},}).then(function(res) {if (res.data.code != 400) {document.querySelector('.list').innerHTML = res.data.data.map((v) => {return `<li class="item"><img data-id='${v.heroId}' src="${v.icon}" class="pic" alt="" /><p>${v.title}</p></li>`}).join('')} else {alert(res.data.msg)}})})// 渲染英雄详情数据// 功能3：渲染英雄详情数据// 3.1 初始化模态框const modal = new bootstrap.Modal(document.querySelector('#infoModal'))// 3.2 由于列表是动态生成的，所以采取事件委托来将click事件委托给list父元素document.querySelector('.list').addEventListener('click', function(e) {// 3.3 判断点击的元素是否包含pic类名（图片）if (e.target.classList.contains('pic')) {// 3.4 axios 发送请求获取指定英雄数据axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api/lol/info',method: 'get',params: {// 3.5 通过params 来携带英雄idid: e.target.dataset.id,},}).then((res) => {// 3.6 获取到服务器响应的数据，并设置到模态框中的对应部分const hero = res.data.data.herodocument.querySelector('.modal-title').innerHTML = hero.name + hero.titledocument.querySelector('.icon').src = hero.icondocument.querySelector('.attack').style.width = (hero.attack / 10) * 100 + '%'document.querySelector('.defense').style.width = (hero.defense / 10) * 100 + '%'document.querySelector('.magic').style.width = (hero.magic / 10) * 100 + '%'document.querySelector('.difficulty').style.width = (hero.difficulty / 10) * 100 + '%'// 3.7 当设置好模态框之后，显示模态框modal.show()})}})
</script></html>

六、分类商品（例）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><meta name="renderer" content="webkit" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /><title>必要商城_大牌品质 工厂价格</title><link href="http://static.biyao.com/pc/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" /><link href="./lib/common.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link href="./lib/new.main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link href="./lib/elementUI.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link href="./lib/global.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link href="./lib/iprHeader.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./lib/new.category.css" />
</head><body id="pagebody"><div class="header header-index"></div><!-- 导航栏 --><div class="nav nav-index"><div class="clearfix"><a href="http://www.biyao.com/home/index.html" class="nav-logo"><img src="./lib/logo.png" height="51" /></a><div class="nav-category"><p><span>全部分类</span><i></i></p><div><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=621">咖啡</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=627">饮食</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=691">正餐</a></p></li><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=279">男装</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=294">女装</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=35">鞋靴</a></p></li><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=122">眼镜</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=339">内衣配饰</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=39">运动</a></p></li><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=119">美妆</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=724">个护</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=391">母婴</a></p></li><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=652">生鲜直供</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=51">餐厨</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=334">电器</a></p></li><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=153">箱包</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=223">数码办公</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=429">汽配</a></p></li><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=355">家纺</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=10">家具</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=369">家装</a></p></li><li class="nav-main"><p><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=546">健康保健</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=685">宠物</a><span>/</span><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/category.html?categoryId=816">礼品</a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-search"><p><input type="text" id="searchInput" placeholder="请输入要搜索的商品" /><span id="searchBtn"></span></p><ul><li>电动牙刷</li><li>男士内裤</li><li>防晒霜</li><li>防晒</li><li>防晒衣女</li><li>眼镜近视女</li><li>洗发水</li><li>面膜</li><li>凉席</li><li>沐浴露</li></ul></div><div class="nav-tab"><ul><li><a href="http://www.biyao.com/home/index.html">首页</a></li><li><a href="http://www.biyao.com/classify/newProduct.html">每日上新</a></li><li class="border-l"></li><li class="nav-tab-last"><div class="hover_text">了解必要<div class="hover_code gzh"><span>关注必要微信公众号<br />了解你想了解的一切<br />小必姐在此发福利哦</span></div></div></li><li class="nav-tab-last" id="appDownload">下载必要APP</li><li class="border-l"></li><li class="nav-tab-last"><div class="hover_text">我的必要<div class="hover_code app"><span>扫码下载必要app<br />手机用户独享海量权益</span></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div><!-- 分类栏 --><div class="cateBread"><span>一级分类：</span><ul id="one"><li class="item">示例</li></ul></div><div class="cateBread"><span>二级分类：</span><ul id="two"><li class="item">休食</li></ul></div><div class="cateBread"><span>三级分类：</span><ul id="three"><li class="item">零食</li></ul></div><!-- <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script> --><script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/axios/1.6.2/axios.min.js"></script><!-- <script src="./js/axios.js"></script> --><script>// 一级标题const goods1 = document.querySelector('#one')axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api-s/categoryfirst',}).then((res) => {//console.log(res)goods1.innerHTML = res.data.list.map(items => {// data-id="${items.firstId}为了二级标题点击准备的id标识return `<li data-id="${items.firstId}" class="item">${items.firstName}</li>`}).join('')})// 二级标题const goods2 = document.querySelector('#two')goods1.addEventListener('click', function(e) {console.log(`biao`, e)if (Object.keys(e.target.dataset).length != 0) {// if (e.target.classList.contains('item')) {let firstId = e.target.dataset.idconsole.log(`aaaaa`, firstId)axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api-s/categorySecond',params: {firstId: firstId,}}).then((res) => {console.log(res)goods2.innerHTML = res.data.list.map((items) => {return `<li data-id="${items.secondId}"  class="item">${items.secondName}</li>`}).join('')})}})// 三级标题goods2.addEventListener('click', function(e) {console.log(e)if (Object.keys(e.target.dataset).length != 0) {// if (e.target.classList.contains('item')) {let id = e.target.dataset.idconsole.log(222)axios({url: 'https://hmajax.itheima.net/api-s/categoryThird',params: {secondId: id,}}).then(res => {console.log(`1234567`, res)document.querySelector('#three').innerHTML = res.data.list.map(items => {return `<li class="item">${items.thiredName}</li>`}).join('')})}})</script>
</body></html>