【qt】 TCP编程小项目

话不多说,先一睹芳颜

一.服务端

1.界面设计

2.服务端获取主机地址

将主机地址放在了一个容器中.

3.初始化服务端

当有新的客户端请求连接时,会发出newConnection()的信号.

4.服务端开启监听

注意listen函数的参数类型,要转换一下.

5.套接字socket

当有客户端请求连接后,我们需要套接字来作为服务端和客户端的接口.

6.服务端的读写

当有信息可以读的时候,我们就可以来读信息.


发送信息用write,注意要用utf8编码.

7.socket的其他信号的槽函数

8.服务端关闭监听

9.完整代码

mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QHostInfo>
#include <QHostAddress>
#include <QLabel>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACEclass MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{Q_OBJECTpublic:MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~MainWindow();private slots:void on_pushButtonOpen_clicked();void on_pushButtonClose_clicked();void onNewConnection();void onReadyRead();void onConnected();void onDisconnected();void onStateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState);private:Ui::MainWindow *ui;QTcpServer *tcpServer;QTcpSocket *tcpSocket;QStringList addrs;QLabel *labelState;void initTCPServer();void getHostAddress();void sendMsg(const QString&str);void initLabel();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent): QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{ui->setupUi(this);initTCPServer();initLabel();}MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{delete ui;
}void MainWindow::on_pushButtonOpen_clicked()
{getHostAddress();int i=rand()%addrs.count();QString addr=addrs.at(i);ui->labelIP->setText("服务器地址:"+addr);quint16 port=rand()%9000+8000;ui->labelPort->setText("服务器端口:"+QString::number(port));QHostAddress IP(addr);tcpServer->listen(IP,port);ui->pushButtonOpen->setEnabled(false);ui->pushButtonClose->setEnabled(true);ui->labelIP->show();ui->labelPort->show();
}void MainWindow::on_pushButtonClose_clicked()
{if(tcpServer->isListening()){tcpServer->close();ui->pushButtonOpen->setEnabled(true);ui->pushButtonClose->setEnabled(false);ui->labelIP->hide();ui->labelPort->hide();}
}void MainWindow::onNewConnection()
{tcpSocket=tcpServer->nextPendingConnection();connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(onReadyRead()));connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(onConnected()));connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(onDisconnected()));connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState)),this,SLOT(onStateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)));onStateChanged(tcpSocket->state());
}void MainWindow::onReadyRead()
{QString str;while(tcpSocket->canReadLine()){QString read=tcpSocket->readLine();//qDebug()<<tcpSocket->readLine()<<endl;if(read=="人有悲欢离合\n"){str="月有阴晴圆缺";sendMsg(str);}else if(read=="此情可待成追忆\n"){str="只是当时已惘然";sendMsg(str);}else if(read=="宁教我负天下人\n"){str="休教天下人负我";sendMsg(str);}else{str="喂喂喂!你在说啥?";sendMsg(str);}}
}void MainWindow::onConnected()
{labelState->setText("连接状态: 已连接");
}void MainWindow::onDisconnected()
{labelState->setText("连接状态: 已断开连接");tcpSocket->deleteLater();//之后删
}void MainWindow::onStateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState)
{switch (socketState) {case QAbstractSocket::UnconnectedState:labelState->setText("连接状态: 已断开连接");break;case QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState:labelState->setText("连接状态: 已连接");break;}
}void MainWindow::initTCPServer()
{tcpServer=new QTcpServer(this);connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(onNewConnection()));
}void MainWindow::getHostAddress()
{QHostInfo hostInfo =QHostInfo::fromName(QHostInfo::localHostName());QList<QHostAddress> lists=hostInfo.addresses();for(int i=0;i<lists.count();i++){QHostAddress address=lists[i];if(address.protocol()==QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol){addrs.append(address.toString());}}
}void MainWindow::sendMsg(const QString &str)
{QByteArray msg= str.toUtf8();msg.append('\n');tcpSocket->write(msg);
}void MainWindow::initLabel()
{labelState=new QLabel("连接状态: 未连接");ui->statusbar->addWidget(labelState);ui->labelIP->hide();ui->labelPort->hide();QLinearGradient gradient(0,0,ui->label->width(),ui->label->height());gradient.setColorAt(0,Qt::green);gradient.setColorAt(1,Qt::blue);QPalette palette;palette.setBrush(QPalette::WindowText,QBrush(gradient));ui->label->setPalette(palette);
}

二.客户端

1.界面设计

2.套接字的初始化

3.连接服务器

如果连接成功,就弹出我们的发送框.

这里的tcpSocketGet是在对话框中获取到套接字的,然后可以来发送信息.

4.界面设计师类

5.客户端的读写

读到的信息添加到对话框中.

发送信息:

发送的信息都添加了一个换行符,因为这样可以判断一行,然后对方进行读取.

6.客户端关闭连接

7.完整代码

mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QHostAddress>
#include <QLabel>
#include <dialog.h>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACEclass MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{Q_OBJECTpublic:MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~MainWindow();private slots:void on_pushButtonConnect_clicked();void on_pushButtonDisConnect_clicked();void onConnected();void onDisconnected();void onReadyRead();private:Ui::MainWindow *ui;QTcpSocket*tcpSocket;QLabel* labState;QLabel* labIP;QLabel* labPort;Dialog* chat;void initTCPSocket();void intitLabel();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent): QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{ui->setupUi(this);initTCPSocket();intitLabel();
}MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{delete ui;
}void MainWindow::initTCPSocket()
{tcpSocket=new QTcpSocket(this);connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(onConnected()));connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(onDisconnected()));connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(onReadyRead()));}void MainWindow::intitLabel()
{labState=new QLabel(this);labState->setMinimumWidth(100);labPort=new QLabel(this);labPort->setMinimumWidth(100);labIP=new QLabel(this);this->statusBar()->addWidget(labState);this->statusBar()->addWidget(labPort);this->statusBar()->addWidget(labIP);
}void MainWindow::on_pushButtonConnect_clicked()
{QString addr=ui->lineEditAddr->text();QString port=ui->lineEditProt->text();if(addr==NULL||port==NULL)return;QHostAddress IP(addr);tcpSocket->connectToHost(IP,port.toInt());
}void MainWindow::on_pushButtonDisConnect_clicked()
{if(tcpSocket->state()==QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState){tcpSocket->disconnectFromHost();chat->close();}
}void MainWindow::onConnected()
{labState->setText("连接状态: 已连接");labPort->setText("服务器端口: "+QString::number(tcpSocket->peerPort()));labIP->setText("服务器IP: "+tcpSocket->peerAddress().toString());chat=new Dialog(this);//this->hide();chat->tcpSocketGet(tcpSocket);chat->show();
}void MainWindow::onDisconnected()
{labState->setText("连接状态: 已断开连接");labState->clear();labIP->clear();labPort->clear();
}void MainWindow::onReadyRead()
{while(tcpSocket->canReadLine()){QString str=tcpSocket->readLine();chat->setMsg(str);}
}

dialog.h

#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H#include <QDialog>
#include <QTcpSocket>namespace Ui {
class Dialog;
}class Dialog : public QDialog
{Q_OBJECTpublic:explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Dialog();void setMsg(const QString&str);void tcpSocketGet(QTcpSocket *tcpSocket);private slots:void on_pushButton_clicked();private:Ui::Dialog *ui;QTcpSocket*tcpSocket;protected:void closeEvent(QCloseEvent*event);};#endif // DIALOG_H

dialog.cpp

#include "dialog.h"
#include "ui_dialog.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QHostAddress>Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) :QDialog(parent),ui(new Ui::Dialog)
{ui->setupUi(this);ui->plainTextEdit->setReadOnly(true);
}Dialog::~Dialog()
{delete ui;
}void Dialog::setMsg(const QString &str)
{ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("服务器: "+str);
}void Dialog::tcpSocketGet(QTcpSocket *tcpSocket)
{this->tcpSocket=tcpSocket;//qDebug()<<this->tcpSocket->peerAddress();
}void Dialog::on_pushButton_clicked()
{QString str=ui->lineEdit->text();QByteArray msg=str.toUtf8();msg.append('\n');tcpSocket->write(msg);ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText("客户: "+str);ui->lineEdit->clear();ui->lineEdit->setFocus();
}void Dialog::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event)
{if(tcpSocket->state()==QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState){tcpSocket->disconnectFromHost();}event->accept();
}

三.结语

当然我这里只是稍微的演示一下,你也可以自己在服务端做手脚,自己发送信息也可以.

念头通达,现在应该算是炼气期1层.