yum仓库的制作与使用

前言：

1 查看系统内核

2 获取网络源

3 搭建yum网络仓库

4 rpm包的下载

4.1 将rpm包下载至本地

4.2 对下载的rpm包进行备份

5 制作本地yum源

5.1 软件仓库制作工具createrepo

5.2 使用createrepo创建本地yum仓库

6 搭建docker本地仓库

前言：

此次实验使用的系统为 openEuler 22.03，制作docker-ce的yum仓库。

问题来了yum仓库的制作首先前提是得有rpm软件包为基础。

这个时候得去哪里获取呢？

1 查看系统内核

这里能很清楚地看出来openEuler22.03他的Linux内核使用的为 Linux-5.10.0

同样RHEL 9 使用的内核也是 Linux-5，所以软件是互为通用的

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# hostnamectl Static hostname: n/a                                      
Transient hostname: localhostIcon name: computer-vmChassis: vmMachine ID: 052542e981c9468b9a0cc82cb54dccc9Boot ID: 874f2ac2da7a4c089bbc5ee2108e4816Virtualization: vmwareOperating System: openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)Kernel: Linux 5.10.0-216.0.0.115.oe2203sp4.x86_64Architecture: x86-64Hardware Vendor: VMware, Inc.Hardware Model: VMware Virtual Platform

2 获取网络源

阿里云镜像站https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/

此次使用的为阿里云的镜像源，搭建docker-ce软件的网络源，使用网络源将rpm包下载到本地并制作本地yum仓库

3 搭建yum网络仓库

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim docker-ce.repo
[docker]
name=docker-ce
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/rhel/9/x86_64/stable/
gpgcheck=0

4 rpm包的下载

4.1 将rpm包下载至本地

yum 有一个选项是能将rpm包下载到当前目录：

--downloaddir 与 --downloadonly 配合使用

[root@localhost ~]# yum install docker-ce --downloaddir=/usr/local/src/docker --downloadonlyLast metadata expiration check: 0:26:30 ago on 2024年08月02日 星期五 15时42分17秒.
Dependencies resolved.
============================================================================================Package                         Architecture Version                    Repository    Size
============================================================================================
Installing:docker-ce                       x86_64       3:27.1.1-1.el9             docker        27 M
Installing dependencies:container-selinux               noarch       2:2.138-5.oe2203sp4        OS            33 kcontainerd.io                   x86_64       1.7.19-3.1.el9             docker        43 Mdocker-ce-cli                   x86_64       1:27.1.1-1.el9             docker       7.8 Mfuse-overlayfs                  x86_64       1.12-1.oe2203sp4           EPOL          54 kfuse3                           x86_64       3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4         OS           111 klibslirp                        x86_64       4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4          OS            66 kslirp4netns                     x86_64       1.2.0-1.oe2203sp4          EPOL          43 k
Installing weak dependencies:docker-buildx-plugin            x86_64       0.16.1-1.el9               docker        14 Mdocker-ce-rootless-extras       x86_64       27.1.1-1.el9               docker       4.0 Mdocker-compose-plugin           x86_64       2.29.1-1.el9               docker        13 Mfuse3-help                      x86_64       3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4         OS           8.9 kTransaction Summary
============================================================================================
Install  12 PackagesTotal download size: 109 M
Installed size: 423 M
YUM will only download packages for the transaction.
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/12): docker-buildx-plugin-0.16.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm        489 kB/s |  14 MB     00:28    
(2/12): docker-ce-cli-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm               481 kB/s | 7.8 MB     00:16    
(3/12): docker-ce-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                   518 kB/s |  27 MB     00:52    
(4/12): docker-ce-rootless-extras-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm   453 kB/s | 4.0 MB     00:09    
(5/12): container-selinux-2.138-5.oe2203sp4.noarch.rpm      104 kB/s |  33 kB     00:00    
(6/12): fuse3-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm                 1.3 MB/s | 111 kB     00:00    
(7/12): fuse3-help-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm            217 kB/s | 8.9 kB     00:00    
(8/12): libslirp-4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm               1.3 MB/s |  66 kB     00:00    
(9/12): fuse-overlayfs-1.12-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm          193 kB/s |  54 kB     00:00    
(10/12): slirp4netns-1.2.0-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm           731 kB/s |  43 kB     00:00    
(11/12): docker-compose-plugin-2.29.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm      489 kB/s |  13 MB     00:28    
(12/12): containerd.io-1.7.19-3.1.el9.x86_64.rpm            485 kB/s |  43 MB     01:31    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                       1.2 MB/s | 109 MB     01:32     
retrieving repo key for OS unencrypted from http://repo.openeuler.org/openEuler-22.03-LTS-SP4/OS/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-openEuler
OS                                                           15 kB/s | 3.0 kB     00:00    
Importing GPG key 0xB675600B:Userid     : "openeuler <openeuler@compass-ci.com>"Fingerprint: 8AA1 6BF9 F2CA 5244 010D CA96 3B47 7C60 B675 600BFrom       : http://repo.openeuler.org/openEuler-22.03-LTS-SP4/OS/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-openEuler
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Complete!
The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction.
You can remove cached packages by executing 'yum clean packages'.

查看是否下载成功

4.2 对下载的rpm包进行备份

制作仓库之前首先需要对rpm包进行备份

[root@localhost docker]# cp /usr/local/src/docker/* /usr/local/src/docker-bak/
[root@localhost docker]# ls ../docker-bak/
containerd.io-1.7.19-3.1.el9.x86_64.rpm
container-selinux-2.138-5.oe2203sp4.noarch.rpm
docker-buildx-plugin-0.16.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
docker-ce-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
docker-ce-cli-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
docker-ce-rootless-extras-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
docker-compose-plugin-2.29.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
fuse3-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
fuse3-help-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
fuse-overlayfs-1.12-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
libslirp-4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
slirp4netns-1.2.0-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm

5 制作本地yum源

5.1 软件仓库制作工具createrepo

[root@localhost docker]# yum install createrepo
Last metadata expiration check: 0:36:15 ago on 2024年08月02日 星期五 15时42分17秒.
Dependencies resolved.
=====================================================================================================================================================Package                               Architecture                    Version                                     Repository                   Size
=====================================================================================================================================================
Installing:createrepo_c                          x86_64                          0.17.6-3.oe2203sp4                          OS                          133 k
Installing dependencies:drpm                                  x86_64                          0.5.1-1.oe2203sp4                           OS                           56 kTransaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================================================
Install  2 Packages

5.2 使用createrepo创建本地yum仓库

[root@localhost src]# ls docker
containerd.io-1.7.19-3.1.el9.x86_64.rpm         docker-ce-cli-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm              fuse3-help-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
container-selinux-2.138-5.oe2203sp4.noarch.rpm  docker-ce-rootless-extras-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm  fuse-overlayfs-1.12-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
docker-buildx-plugin-0.16.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm    docker-compose-plugin-2.29.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm      libslirp-4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
docker-ce-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm               fuse3-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm                slirp4netns-1.2.0-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost src]# createrepo -v /usr/local/src/docker
16:23:53: Version: 0.17.6 (Features: DeltaRPM LegacyWeakdeps )
16:23:53: Signal handler setup
16:23:53: Thread pool ready
Directory walk started
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/docker-ce-cli-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/container-selinux-2.138-5.oe2203sp4.noarch.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/docker-buildx-plugin-0.16.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/slirp4netns-1.2.0-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/containerd.io-1.7.19-3.1.el9.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/libslirp-4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/fuse3-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/fuse-overlayfs-1.12-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/docker-ce-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Dir to scan: /usr/local/src/docker/.repodata
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/docker-compose-plugin-2.29.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/docker-ce-rootless-extras-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Adding pkg: /usr/local/src/docker/fuse3-help-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
16:23:53: Package count: 12
Directory walk done - 12 packages
Temporary output repo path: /usr/local/src/docker/.repodata/
16:23:53: Creating .xml.gz files
16:23:53: Setting number of packages
Preparing sqlite DBs
16:23:53: Creating databases
16:23:53: Thread pool user data ready
Pool started (with 5 workers)
Pool finished
16:23:53: Generating repomd.xml
16:23:53: Old repodata doesn't exists: Cannot rename /usr/local/src/docker/repodata/ -> /usr/local/src/docker/repodata.old.2366.20240802162353.139730: No such file or directory
16:23:53: Renamed /usr/local/src/docker/.repodata/ -> /usr/local/src/docker/repodata/
16:23:53: Memory cleanup
16:23:53: All done[root@localhost src]# ls docker
containerd.io-1.7.19-3.1.el9.x86_64.rpm         docker-ce-rootless-extras-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm  libslirp-4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
container-selinux-2.138-5.oe2203sp4.noarch.rpm  docker-compose-plugin-2.29.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm      repodata
docker-buildx-plugin-0.16.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm    fuse3-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm                slirp4netns-1.2.0-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
docker-ce-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm               fuse3-help-3.10.5-9.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm
docker-ce-cli-27.1.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm           fuse-overlayfs-1.12-1.oe2203sp4.x86_64.rpm

6 搭建docker本地仓库

将yum仓库源切换为本地制作的yum仓库

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo[docker]
name=docker-ce
# baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/rhel/9/x86_64/stable/
baseurl=file:///usr/local/src/docker
gpgcheck=0

重新加载yum仓库