vue实现二维码生成器和解码器
1.生成基本二维码：根据输入的value生成二维码。
2.可定制尺寸：通过size调整大小。
3.颜色和背景色：设置二维码颜色和背景。
4.静区（quiet zone）支持：通过quietZone调整周围的空白区域。
5.错误纠正级别：ecl参数控制容错级别。
6.渐变效果：启用线性渐变，可以自定义方向和颜色。
7.Logo嵌入：在二维码中间添加logo，可调整大小、边距、背景色和圆角。
8.错误处理：生成失败时显示错误信息。
9.响应式更新：当props变化时自动重新生成二维码。
10.视图框调整：根据静区计算viewBox，确保正确显示。
效果图：
step1: 添加依赖 npm install qrcode @types/qrcode
step2:核心组件 实现二维码
C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\untitled3\src\views\QrCode.vue
<template><!-- SVG 容器 --><svgv-if="!error":viewBox="viewBox":width="size":height="size"><!-- 背景 --><rect:x="-quietZone":y="-quietZone":width="size + quietZone * 2":height="size + quietZone * 2":fill="backgroundColor"/><!-- 渐变定义 --><defs v-if="enableLinearGradient"><linearGradientid="grad":x1="gradientDirection[0]":y1="gradientDirection[1]":x2="gradientDirection[2]":y2="gradientDirection[3]"><stop offset="0" :stop-color="linearGradient[0]" stop-opacity="1"/><stop offset="1" :stop-color="linearGradient[1]" stop-opacity="1"/></linearGradient></defs><!-- 二维码路径 --><path:d="path"stroke-linecap="butt":stroke="enableLinearGradient ? 'url(#grad)' : color":stroke-width="cellSize"/><!-- Logo 容器 --><svgv-if="logo":x="(size - logoSize - logoMargin * 2) / 2":y="(size - logoSize - logoMargin * 2) / 2"><!-- Logo 背景 --><rect:width="logoSize + logoMargin * 2":height="logoSize + logoMargin * 2":fill="logoBackgroundColor":rx="logoBorderRadius + (logoMargin / logoSize) * logoBorderRadius":ry="logoBorderRadius + (logoMargin / logoSize) * logoBorderRadius"/><!-- Logo 图片 --><image:x="logoMargin":y="logoMargin":width="logoSize":height="logoSize":href="logo"preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice":rx="logoBorderRadius":ry="logoBorderRadius"/></svg></svg><!-- 错误显示 --><div v-if="error" class="error">{{ error.message }}</div>
</template><script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, watchEffect, computed } from 'vue'
import QRCode from 'qrcode'// Props 定义
const props = defineProps({value: { type: String, default: 'this is a QR code' },size: { type: Number, default: 100 },color: { type: String, default: 'black' },backgroundColor: { type: String, default: 'white' },logo: { type: String, default: undefined },logoSize: { type: Number, default: 100 * 0.2 }, // 默认基于 size 计算logoBackgroundColor: { type: String, default: 'transparent' },logoMargin: { type: Number, default: 2 },logoBorderRadius: { type: Number, default: 0 },quietZone: { type: Number, default: 0 },enableLinearGradient: { type: Boolean, default: false },gradientDirection: {type: Array as () => string[],default: () => ['0%', '0%', '100%', '100%']},linearGradient: {type: Array as () => string[],default: () => ['rgb(255,0,0)', 'rgb(0,255,255)']},ecl: { type: String as () => 'L'|'M'|'Q'|'H', default: 'M' }
})// 响应式数据
const path = ref('')
const cellSize = ref(0)
const error = ref<Error | null>(null)// 生成二维码矩阵
const genMatrix = (value: string, errorCorrectionLevel: string): boolean[][] => {const arr = Array.prototype.slice.call(QRCode.create(value, { errorCorrectionLevel }).modules.data, 0)const sqrt = Math.sqrt(arr.length)return arr.reduce((rows: boolean[][], key: boolean, index: number) => {(index % sqrt === 0) ? rows.push([key]) : rows[rows.length - 1].push(key)return rows}, [])
}// 转换矩阵为 SVG 路径
const transformMatrixIntoPath = (matrix: boolean[][], size: number) => {const cellSize = size / matrix.lengthlet path = ''matrix.forEach((row, i) => {let needDraw = falserow.forEach((column, j) => {if (column) {if (!needDraw) {path += `M${cellSize * j} ${cellSize / 2 + cellSize * i} `needDraw = true}if (needDraw && j === matrix.length - 1) {path += `L${cellSize * (j + 1)} ${cellSize / 2 + cellSize * i} `}} else {if (needDraw) {path += `L${cellSize * j} ${cellSize / 2 + cellSize * i} `needDraw = false}}})})return { cellSize, path }
}// 计算 viewBox
const viewBox = computed(() => [-props.quietZone,-props.quietZone,props.size + props.quietZone * 2,props.size + props.quietZone * 2
].join(' '))// 监听 props 变化
watchEffect(() => {try {const matrix = genMatrix(props.value, props.ecl)const result = transformMatrixIntoPath(matrix, props.size)path.value = result.pathcellSize.value = result.cellSizeerror.value = null} catch (err) {error.value = err instanceof Error ? err : new Error('QR Code generation failed')}
})
</script><style scoped>
.error {color: red;border: 1px solid red;padding: 1rem;
}
</style>
step3: 调用二维码组件
C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\untitled3\src\views\ImgCode.vue
<template><QrCode:value="qrCodeValue":size="200"color="#333"logo="/logo.png":logo-size="40"logo-background-color="white":enable-linear-gradient="true"/>
</template><script setup>
import QrCode from './QrCode.vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
// 图片资源存放在 C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\untitled3\public\logo.png
// JSON.stringify() 是 JavaScript 中用于将对象或值转换为 JSON 格式字符串的核心方法，
//value="你们好，这里是二维码识别器，很高兴认识你们"
const qrCodeValue = ref(JSON.stringify({"data": [{"case_id": 3,"category_id": 4,"title": "as","description": "ad","price": 4500.0,"client_id": 5,"lawyer_id": 6,"status": "pending","created_at": "2025-03-21T06:11:59","updated_at": "2025-03-21T06:11:59","category_name": "af"},{"case_id": 8,"category_id": 8,"title": "bs","description": "bd","price": 6000.0,"client_id": 5,"lawyer_id": 6,"status": "in_progress","created_at": "2025-03-21T06:11:59","updated_at": "2025-03-21T06:11:59","category_name": "bf"}]
}))
</script>
step4:路由
C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\untitled3\src\router\index.js
import ImgCode from '../views/ImgCode.vue'
{ path: '/imgcode', name: 'imgcode', component: ImgCode },C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\untitled3\src\App.vue
<router-link to="/imgcode" active-class="active-link">二维码</router-link>
///我是分割线
解码部分
step101:安装依赖 pip install pyzbar Pillow，你去网站上，随便找个二维码生成器，然后将生成的二维码保存本地
step102:解析C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\FastAPIProject1\hello.py
from pyzbar.pyzbar import decode
from PIL import Image# 二维码图片路径 C:\Users\wangrusheng\Downloads
old_file = r'C:\Users\wangrusheng\Downloads\logoz.png'try:# 打开图片文件with Image.open(old_file) as img:# 解析二维码decoded_objects = decode(img)if not decoded_objects:print("未检测到二维码内容。")else:for obj in decoded_objects:# 解码数据（假设内容为UTF-8文本）data = obj.data.decode('utf-8')print("解析结果:", data)except FileNotFoundError:print(f"错误：文件 '{old_file}' 不存在。")
except Exception as e:print(f"解析时发生错误: {str(e)}")
step103:运行
(.venv) PS C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\FastAPIProject1> python hello.py
解析结果: 能不能点点赞 点点关注，我谢谢大家
(.venv) PS C:\Users\wangrusheng\PycharmProjects\FastAPIProject1> end
