Kubernetes RBAC 之 ServiceAccount

Kubernetes RBAC 之 ServiceAccount

定义

RABC 英文全称是 Role-Based Access Control，它通过角色绑定账户，来使得账户拥有某些操控 K8S 集群的权限。ServiceAccount 是集群内部 Pod 访问集群所使用的服务账户，它包括了 Namespace、Token、Ca 证书，并且通过目录挂载的方式绑定 Pod。当 Pod 运行起来的时候，就会使用这些信息与 ApiServer 进行通信。

使用

1. 创建 sa 账户 sa-test

   kubectl create sa sa-test
   

2. 创建绑定 sa-test 账户的 Pod

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: Pod
   metadata:name: rbac-sanamespace: defaultlabels:app:  nginx
   spec:serviceAccountName: sa-testcontainers:- name:  curl-nginxports:- containerPort: 80image: curl-nginx:1.0imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
   

3. 访问新建立 Pod，发现没有权限访问 ApiServer

   root@k8s-master1:~# kubectl exec -it rbac-sa -- /bin/sh
   / # cd /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/
   /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount # ls -l
   total 0
   lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            13 Jul  6 02:59 ca.crt -> ..data/ca.crt
   lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            16 Jul  6 02:59 namespace -> ..data/namespace
   lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            12 Jul  6 02:59 token -> ..data/token/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount # curl --cacert ./ca.crt  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(cat ./token)"  https://kubernetes/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system
   {"kind": "Status","apiVersion": "v1","metadata": {},"status": "Failure","message": "namespaces \"kube-system\" is forbidden: User \"system:serviceaccount:default:sa-test\" cannot get resource \"namespaces\" in API group \"\" in the namespace \"kube-system\"","reason": "Forbidden","details": {"name": "kube-system","kind": "namespaces"},"code": 403
   }
   /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount #
   

4. 赋予 sa-test 权限

   root@k8s-master1:~# kubectl create clusterrolebinding sa-test-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin  --serviceaccount=default:sa-test
   clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/sa-test-admin created
   

5. 再次访问

   root@k8s-master1:~# kubectl exec -it rbac-sa -- /bin/sh
   / # curl --cacert ./ca.crt  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(cat ./token)"  https://kubernetes/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system
   /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount # curl --cacert ./ca.crt  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(cat ./token)"  https://kubernetes/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system
   {"kind": "Namespace","apiVersion": "v1","metadata": {"name": "kube-system","uid": "6a42a1bb-6375-4658-9948-7f395e509197","resourceVersion": "26","creationTimestamp": "2024-05-13T00:41:10Z","labels": {"kubernetes.io/metadata.name": "kube-system"},"managedFields": [{"manager": "kube-apiserver","operation": "Update","apiVersion": "v1","time": "2024-05-13T00:41:10Z","fieldsType": "FieldsV1","fieldsV1": {"f:metadata": {"f:labels": {".": {},"f:kubernetes.io/metadata.name": {}}}}}]},"spec": {"finalizers": ["kubernetes"]},"status": {"phase": "Active"}
   }/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount #