使用three.js 实现着色器草地的效果
在线预览https://z2586300277.github.io/three-cesium-examples/#/codeMirror?navigation=ThreeJS&classify=shader&id=grassShader
在 https://threehub.cn 中还有很多案例
import * as THREE from 'three'
import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js'const box = document.getElementById('box')
const scene = new THREE.Scene()
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75, box.clientWidth / box.clientHeight, 0.1, 1000)
camera.position.set(0, 10, 10)
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true , alpha: true, logarithmicDepthBuffer: true})
renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight)
box.appendChild(renderer.domElement)
new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
window.onresize = () => {renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight)camera.aspect = box.clientWidth / box.clientHeightcamera.updateProjectionMatrix()
}
scene.background = new THREE.CubeTextureLoader().load([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5].map(k => (`https://z2586300277.github.io/3d-file-server/` + 'files/sky/skyBox0/' + (k + 1) + '.png')));let grass = null
animate()
function animate(time) {if(grass) grass.update(time);requestAnimationFrame(animate)renderer.render(scene, camera)
}const BLADE_WIDTH = 0.1
const BLADE_HEIGHT = 0.8
const BLADE_HEIGHT_VARIATION = 0.6
const BLADE_VERTEX_COUNT = 5
const BLADE_TIP_OFFSET = 0.1function interpolate(val, oldMin, oldMax, newMin, newMax) {return ((val - oldMin) * (newMax - newMin)) / (oldMax - oldMin) + newMin
}class GrassGeometry extends THREE.BufferGeometry {constructor(size, count) {super()const positions = []const uvs = []const indices = []for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {const surfaceMin = (size / 2) * -1const surfaceMax = size / 2const radius = (size / 2) * Math.random()const theta = Math.random() * 2 * Math.PIconst x = radius * Math.cos(theta)const y = radius * Math.sin(theta)uvs.push(...Array.from({ length: BLADE_VERTEX_COUNT }).flatMap(() => [interpolate(x, surfaceMin, surfaceMax, 0, 1),interpolate(y, surfaceMin, surfaceMax, 0, 1)]))const blade = this.computeBlade([x, 0, y], i)positions.push(...blade.positions)indices.push(...blade.indices)}this.setAttribute('position',new THREE.BufferAttribute(new Float32Array(positions), 3))this.setAttribute('uv', new THREE.BufferAttribute(new Float32Array(uvs), 2))this.setIndex(indices)this.computeVertexNormals()}// Grass blade generation, covered in https://smythdesign.com/blog/stylized-grass-webgl// TODO: reduce vertex count, optimize & possibly move to GPUcomputeBlade(center, index = 0) {const height = BLADE_HEIGHT + Math.random() * BLADE_HEIGHT_VARIATIONconst vIndex = index * BLADE_VERTEX_COUNT// Randomize blade orientation and tip angleconst yaw = Math.random() * Math.PI * 2const yawVec = [Math.sin(yaw), 0, -Math.cos(yaw)]const bend = Math.random() * Math.PI * 2const bendVec = [Math.sin(bend), 0, -Math.cos(bend)]// Calc bottom, middle, and tip verticesconst bl = yawVec.map((n, i) => n * (BLADE_WIDTH / 2) * 1 + center[i])const br = yawVec.map((n, i) => n * (BLADE_WIDTH / 2) * -1 + center[i])const tl = yawVec.map((n, i) => n * (BLADE_WIDTH / 4) * 1 + center[i])const tr = yawVec.map((n, i) => n * (BLADE_WIDTH / 4) * -1 + center[i])const tc = bendVec.map((n, i) => n * BLADE_TIP_OFFSET + center[i])// Attenuate heighttl[1] += height / 2tr[1] += height / 2tc[1] += heightreturn {positions: [...bl, ...br, ...tr, ...tl, ...tc],indices: [vIndex,vIndex + 1,vIndex + 2,vIndex + 2,vIndex + 4,vIndex + 3,vIndex + 3,vIndex,vIndex + 2]}}
}const cloudTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load(`https://z2586300277.github.io/3d-file-server/` + 'threeExamples/shader/cloud.jpg')
cloudTexture.wrapS = cloudTexture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrappingclass Grass extends THREE.Mesh {constructor(size, count) {const geometry = new GrassGeometry(size, count)const material = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({uniforms: {uCloud: { value: cloudTexture },offsetX: { value: 0.5 },offsetY: { value: 0.3 },uTime: { value: 0 },},side: THREE.DoubleSide,vertexShader:` uniform float uTime;uniform float offsetX;uniform float offsetY;varying vec3 vPosition;varying vec2 vUv;varying vec3 vNormal;float wave(float waveSize, float tipDistance, float centerDistance) {// Tip is the fifth vertex drawn per bladebool isTip = (gl_VertexID + 1) % 5 == 0;float waveDistance = isTip ? tipDistance : centerDistance;return sin((uTime / 500.0) + waveSize) * waveDistance;}void main() {vPosition = position;vUv = uv;// Cloud shadow movevUv.x += uTime * 0.0001 * offsetX;vUv.y += uTime * 0.0001 * offsetY;vNormal = normalize(normalMatrix * normal);if (vPosition.y < 0.0) {vPosition.y = 0.0;} else {vPosition.x += wave(uv.x * 10.0, 0.3, 0.1); }gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(vPosition, 1.0);}`,fragmentShader:` uniform sampler2D uCloud;uniform float uTime;varying vec3 vPosition;varying vec2 vUv;varying vec3 vNormal;vec3 green = vec3(0.2, 0.6, 0.3);void main() {vec3 color = mix(green * 0.7, green, vPosition.y);color = mix(color, texture2D(uCloud, vUv).rgb, 0.4);float lighting = normalize(dot(vNormal, vec3(10)));gl_FragColor = vec4(color + lighting * 0.03, 1.0);}`,})super(geometry, material)const floor = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.CircleGeometry(size / 2, 8).rotateX(Math.PI / 2),material)floor.position.y = -Number.EPSILONthis.add(floor)}update(time) {this.material.uniforms.uTime.value = time}
}grass = new Grass(50, 100000);
scene.add(grass);
