1. 代码
ProductManager 类
from metagpt.actions import UserRequirement, WritePRD
from metagpt.actions.prepare_documents import PrepareDocuments
from metagpt.roles.role import Role, RoleReactMode
from metagpt.utils.common import any_to_nameclass ProductManager(Role):"""Represents a Product Manager role responsible for product development and management.Attributes:name (str): Name of the product manager.profile (str): Role profile, default is 'Product Manager'.goal (str): Goal of the product manager.constraints (str): Constraints or limitations for the product manager."""name: str = "Alice"profile: str = "Product Manager"goal: str = "efficiently create a successful product that meets market demands and user expectations"constraints: str = "utilize the same language as the user requirements for seamless communication"todo_action: str = ""def __init__(self, **kwargs) -> None:super().__init__(**kwargs)self.set_actions([PrepareDocuments, WritePRD])self._watch([UserRequirement, PrepareDocuments])self.rc.react_mode = RoleReactMode.BY_ORDERself.todo_action = any_to_name(WritePRD)async def _observe(self, ignore_memory=False) -> int:return await super()._observe(ignore_memory=True)context上下文，即数据结构
# 初始化 Context
context = Context()
断言
assert context.git_repo is None
assert context.repo is None
2. 示例：
from metagpt.schema import Message
USER_REQUIREMENT = """开发一个贪吃蛇游戏"""user_msg = Message(role="User", content=USER_REQUIREMENT, cause_by=UserRequirement)
product_manager = ProductManager(context=context)
rsp = await product_manager.run(user_msg)
输出：
2024-12-16 21:37:30.446 | INFO | metagpt.roles.role:_act:403 - Alice(Product Manager): to do PrepareDocuments(PrepareDocuments)
2024-12-16 21:37:31.897 | INFO | metagpt.utils.file_repository:save:57 - save to: D:\llm\MetaGPT\workspace\20241216213730\docs\requirement.txt
2024-12-16 21:37:31.898 | INFO | metagpt.roles.role:_act:403 - Alice(Product Manager): to do WritePRD(WritePRD)
2024-12-16 21:37:31.900 | INFO | metagpt.actions.write_prd:run:86 - New requirement detected: 开发一个贪吃蛇游戏[CONTENT]
{"Language": "en_us","Programming Language": "Python","Original Requirements": "开发一个贪吃蛇游戏","Project Name": "snake_game","Product Goals": ["Create an engaging and intuitive user experience","Ensure the game is scalable and performs well on various devices","Implement a high-quality UI/UX design"],"User Stories": ["As a player, I want to easily navigate the game controls to play the game","As a player, I want to see my score and high scores displayed clearly on the screen","As a player, I want the ability to pause and resume the game at any time","As a player, I want to have the option to restart the game from the beginning","As a player, I want the game to be visually appealing and responsive on different screen sizes"],"Competitive Analysis": ["Snake Game A: Basic gameplay, lacks advanced features and customization","Snake Game B: Offers a variety of themes and power-ups, but can be slow on older devices","Snake Game C: Features a simple and clean UI, but lacks multiplayer functionality"],"Competitive Quadrant Chart": "quadrantChart\n title \"Performance and User Engagement\"\n x-axis \"Low Performance\" --> \"High Performance\"\n y-axis \"Low Engagement\" --> \"High Engagement\"\n quadrant-1 \"We should expand\"\n quadrant-2 \"Need to promote\"\n quadrant-3 \"Re-evaluate\"\n quadrant-4 \"May be improved\"\n \"Game A\": [0.2, 0.4]\n \"Game B\": [0.5, 0.6]\n \"Game C\": [0.3, 0.5]\n \"Our Target Product\": [0.7, 0.7]","Requirement Analysis": "The game should be designed to be accessible to players of all skill levels, with a focus on ease of use and a high-quality visual experience. The game should also be optimized for performance on a range of devices, from low-end to high-end.","Requirement Pool": [["P0","Develop the core gameplay logic for the snake movement and food generation"],["P0","Implement a user-friendly interface with clear score tracking and game controls"],["P1","Add features such as pause, resume, and restart functionality"],["P1","Optimize the game for performance on various devices"],["P2","Design and implement a high-quality UI/UX"]],"UI Design draft": "A simple and intuitive UI with a clear score display, easy-to-use controls, and a responsive design that adapts to different screen sizes.","Anything UNCLEAR": "It is unclear whether there are specific design preferences or branding requirements for the game."
}
[/CONTENT]2024-12-16 21:37:53.890 | WARNING | metagpt.utils.cost_manager:update_cost:49 - Model GLM-4-flash not found in TOKEN_COSTS.
2024-12-16 21:37:53.951 | WARNING | metagpt.utils.git_repository:rename_root:214 - Move D:\llm\MetaGPT\workspace\20241216213730 to D:\llm\MetaGPT\workspace\snake_game error: [WinError 32] 另一个程序正在使用此文件，进程无法访问。: 'D:\\llm\\MetaGPT\\workspace\\20241216213730'
2024-12-16 21:37:53.952 | INFO | metagpt.utils.git_repository:rename_root:219 - Rename directory D:\llm\MetaGPT\workspace\20241216213730 to D:\llm\MetaGPT\workspace\snake_game2024-12-16 21:37:54.134 | INFO | metagpt.utils.file_repository:save:57 - save to: D:\llm\MetaGPT\workspace\snake_game\docs\prd\20241216213754.json
2024-12-16 21:37:54.191 | WARNING | metagpt.utils.mermaid:mermaid_to_file:35 - RUN `npm install -g @mermaid-js/mermaid-cli` to install mmdc,or consider changing engine to `playwright`, `pyppeteer`, or `ink`.
2024-12-16 21:37:54.193 | INFO | metagpt.utils.file_repository:save:57 - save to: D:\llm\MetaGPT\workspace\snake_game\resources\prd\20241216213754.md
解释：
- 根据用户消息生成项目结构，并在requirement文件中添加用户消息
- 在项目结构的prd文件中添加内容
print(rsp)
Alice(Product Manager): {'docs': {'20241216213754.json': {'root_path': 'docs\\prd', 'filename': '20241216213754.json', 'content': '{"Language":"en_us","Programming Language":"Python","Original Requirements":"开发一个贪吃蛇游戏","Project Name":"snake_game","Product Goals":["Create an engaging and intuitive user experience","Ensure the game is scalable and performs well on various devices","Implement a high-quality UI/UX design"],"User Stories":["As a player, I want to easily navigate the game controls to play the game","As a player, I want to see my score and high scores displayed clearly on the screen","As a player, I want the ability to pause and resume the game at any time","As a player, I want to have the option to restart the game from the beginning","As a player, I want the game to be visually appealing and responsive on different screen sizes"],"Competitive Analysis":["Snake Game A: Basic gameplay, lacks advanced features and customization","Snake Game B: Offers a variety of themes and power-ups, but can be slow on older devices","Snake Game C: Features a simple and clean UI, but lacks multiplayer functionality"],"Competitive Quadrant Chart":"quadrantChart\\n title \\"Performance and User Engagement\\"\\n x-axis \\"Low Performance\\" --> \\"High Performance\\"\\n y-axis \\"Low Engagement\\" --> \\"High Engagement\\"\\n quadrant-1 \\"We should expand\\"\\n quadrant-2 \\"Need to promote\\"\\n quadrant-3 \\"Re-evaluate\\"\\n quadrant-4 \\"May be improved\\"\\n \\"Game A\\": [0.2, 0.4]\\n \\"Game B\\": [0.5, 0.6]\\n \\"Game C\\": [0.3, 0.5]\\n \\"Our Target Product\\": [0.7, 0.7]","Requirement Analysis":"The game should be designed to be accessible to players of all skill levels, with a focus on ease of use and a high-quality visual experience. The game should also be optimized for performance on a range of devices, from low-end to high-end.","Requirement Pool":[["P0","Develop the core gameplay logic for the snake movement and food generation"],["P0","Implement a user-friendly interface with clear score tracking and game controls"],["P1","Add features such as pause, resume, and restart functionality"],["P1","Optimize the game for performance on various devices"],["P2","Design and implement a high-quality UI/UX"]],"UI Design draft":"A simple and intuitive UI with a clear score display, easy-to-use controls, and a responsive design that adapts to different screen sizes.","Anything UNCLEAR":"It is unclear whether there are specific design preferences or branding requirements for the game."}'}}}
3. 代码解释
ProductManager（产品经理）角色类，继承自 Role 类，主要用于模拟产品经理在一个工作流中的行为，尤其是在产品开发过程中。
以下是对代码的逐部分解释：
类 ProductManager 说明
ProductManager 代表一个产品经理角色，负责产品开发和管理。
类中定义了几个主要属性：name、profile、goal 和 constraints，用来描述产品经理的基本信息和角色目标。
属性
- name: str = “Alice”：定义了产品经理的名字为 Alice。
- profile: str = “Product Manager”：定义了角色的身份为“产品经理”。
- goal: str = “efficiently create a successful product that meets market demands and user expectations”：定义了产品经理的目标，即“有效地创建一个符合市场需求和用户期望的成功产品”。
- constraints: str = “utilize the same language as the user requirements for seamless communication”：定义了产品经理的约束条件，即“使用与用户需求一致的语言进行无缝沟通”。
- todo_action: str = “”：初始化了待执行的任务动作为空字符串。
init 方法
该方法初始化 ProductManager 类的实例。
- super().init(**kwargs)：调用父类 Role 的初始化方法，以确保继承的属性得到正确初始化。
- self.set_actions([PrepareDocuments, WritePRD])：设置该角色可以执行的动作。这里设置了两个动作，分别是 PrepareDocuments（准备文档）和 WritePRD（撰写产品需求文档）。
- self._watch([UserRequirement, PrepareDocuments])：使角色“观察” UserRequirement 和 PrepareDocuments 这两个事件或动作。观察是为了跟踪某些条件或状态的变化。
- self.rc.react_mode = RoleReactMode.BY_ORDER：设置角色的反应模式为“按顺序反应”，意味着角色将按照顺序执行动作。
- self.todo_action = any_to_name(WritePRD)：将 WritePRD 动作的名称赋值给 todo_action，可能是为了后续跟踪或执行。
async def _observe(self, ignore_memory=False) -> int 方法
- 这是一个异步方法，用于观察并执行某些操作。该方法通过调用父类的 _observe 方法来实现观察，并返回一个整数值，表示观察结果。ignore_memory 参数默认设置为 False，表示是否忽略记忆。
