使用 Spring Boot + Geodesy 实现地理空间高精度坐标处理及多样化的距离计算功能

前言

之前我们计算地理空间点位之间的距离等操作,是使用mysql自带的函数进行处理,这样的话需要每个操作都要单独编写一个sql语句,非常的麻烦并且时间查询较慢,效率比较低,今天我们使用 Spring Boot + Geodesy 实现地理空间高精度坐标处理及多样化的距离计算功能,更加方便快捷。

这是之前使用mysql进行简单空间操作的文章：mysql中point的使用

一、Geodesy 框架介绍与特性

Geodesy 是一个专注于地理空间计算的强大框架。它具有以下突出特性：

1.高精度坐标处理：能够精确处理和转换不同的地理坐标系统，确保坐标数据的准确性和一致性。

2.多样化的距离计算方法：支持多种距离计算模式，如直线距离、测地线距离等，满足各种复杂的业务需求。
3.强大的空间分析能力：可以进行空间关系的判断，如点与区域的包含关系、区域之间的相交关系等。
4.高效性能：在处理大规模地理数据时，能保持高效的计算速度和低内存消耗。
5.跨平台兼容性：可以在不同的操作系统和开发环境中稳定运行。

这些特性使得 Geodesy 在地理信息系统、导航应用、物流规划等领域具有广泛的应用价值。在许多应用场景中，需要计算两个地点之间的距离。本文将介绍如何使用 Spring Boot 结合 Geodesy 库来实现距离计算功能。

二、具体实现

项目创建及依赖配置（pom.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.0.0</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>distance-calculation-system</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>Distance Calculation System</name><properties><java.version>17</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.gavaghan</groupId><artifactId>geodesy</artifactId><version>1.1.3</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

服务类

package com.icoderoad.service;import org.gavaghan.geodesy.Ellipsoid;
import org.gavaghan.geodesy.GeodeticCalculator;
import org.gavaghan.geodesy.GeodeticCurve;
import org.gavaghan.geodesy.GlobalCoordinates;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class GeospatialCalculationService {//计算直线距离public double calculateStraightLineDistance(double latitude1, double longitude1, double latitude2, double longitude2) {GlobalCoordinates point1 = new GlobalCoordinates(latitude1, longitude1);GlobalCoordinates point2 = new GlobalCoordinates(latitude2, longitude2);double distance = Math.sqrt(Math.pow((latitude2 - latitude1), 2) + Math.pow((longitude2 - longitude1), 2));return distance;}
//计算测地距离(三维空间中最短距离)public double calculateGeodesicDistance(double latitude1, double longitude1, double latitude2, double longitude2) {GlobalCoordinates point1 = new GlobalCoordinates(latitude1, longitude1);GlobalCoordinates point2 = new GlobalCoordinates(latitude2, longitude2);GeodeticCalculator calculator = new GeodeticCalculator();GeodeticCurve curve = calculator.calculateGeodeticCurve(Ellipsoid.WGS84, point1, point2);return curve.getEllipsoidalDistance();}
//是否为区域内的点public boolean isPointInRegion(double pointLatitude, double pointLongitude, List<GlobalCoordinates> regionPoints) {// 假设区域是凸多边形int n = regionPoints.size();boolean inside = false;for (int i = 0, j = n - 1; i < n; j = i++) {if (((regionPoints.get(i).getLatitude() > pointLatitude)!= (regionPoints.get(j).getLatitude() > pointLatitude))&& (pointLongitude < (regionPoints.get(j).getLongitude() - regionPoints.get(i).getLongitude())* (pointLatitude - regionPoints.get(i).getLatitude())/ (regionPoints.get(j).getLatitude() - regionPoints.get(i).getLatitude())+ regionPoints.get(i).getLongitude())) {inside =!inside;}}return inside;}
//区域是否相交public boolean isRegionIntersect(List<GlobalCoordinates> region1Points, List<GlobalCoordinates> region2Points) {// 简单判断，假设两个区域都是凸多边形且边界不相交for (GlobalCoordinates point1 : region1Points) {if (isPointInRegion(point1.getLatitude(), point1.getLongitude(), region2Points)) {return true;}}for (GlobalCoordinates point2 : region2Points) {if (isPointInRegion(point2.getLatitude(), point2.getLongitude(), region1Points)) {return true;}}return false;}
//计算面积public double calculateArea(List<GlobalCoordinates> polygonPoints) {double area = 0.0;int n = polygonPoints.size();for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {int j = (i + 1) % n;area += polygonPoints.get(i).getLongitude() * polygonPoints.get(j).getLatitude()- polygonPoints.get(j).getLongitude() * polygonPoints.get(i).getLatitude();}area /= 2.0;return Math.abs(area);}
}

控制器类

package com.icoderoad.controller;import com.icoderoad.service.GeospatialCalculationService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/geospatial")
public class GeospatialController {@Autowiredprivate GeospatialCalculationService geospatialCalculationService;//计算直线距离@GetMapping("/calculateStraightLineDistance")public double calculateStraightLineDistance(@RequestParam double latitude1, @RequestParam double longitude1,@RequestParam double latitude2, @RequestParam double longitude2) {return geospatialCalculationService.calculateStraightLineDistance(latitude1, longitude1, latitude2, longitude2);}
//计算测地距离(三维空间中最短距离)@GetMapping("/calculateGeodesicDistance")public double calculateGeodesicDistance(@RequestParam double latitude1, @RequestParam double longitude1,@RequestParam double latitude2, @RequestParam double longitude2) {return geospatialCalculationService.calculateGeodesicDistance(latitude1, longitude1, latitude2, longitude2);}
//是否为区域内的点@GetMapping("/isPointInRegion")public boolean isPointInRegion(@RequestParam double pointLatitude, @RequestParam double pointLongitude,@RequestParam List<Double> regionLatitudes, @RequestParam List<Double> regionLongitudes) {List<GlobalCoordinates> regionPoints = new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i < regionLatitudes.size(); i++) {regionPoints.add(new GlobalCoordinates(regionLatitudes.get(i), regionLongitudes.get(i)));}return geospatialCalculationService.isPointInRegion(pointLatitude, pointLongitude, regionPoints);}
//区域是否相交@GetMapping("/isRegionIntersect")public boolean isRegionIntersect(@RequestParam List<Double> region1Latitudes, @RequestParam List<Double> region1Longitudes,@RequestParam List<Double> region2Latitudes, @RequestParam List<Double> region2Longitudes) {List<GlobalCoordinates> region1Points = new ArrayList<>();List<GlobalCoordinates> region2Points = new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i < region1Latitudes.size(); i++) {region1Points.add(new GlobalCoordinates(region1Latitudes.get(i), region1Longitudes.get(i)));}for (int i = 0; i < region2Latitudes.size(); i++) {region2Points.add(new GlobalCoordinates(region2Latitudes.get(i), region2Longitudes.get(i)));}return geospatialCalculationService.isRegionIntersect(region1Points, region2Points);}
//计算面积@GetMapping("/calculateArea")public double calculateArea(@RequestParam List<Double> polygonLatitudes, @RequestParam List<Double> polygonLongitudes) {List<GlobalCoordinates> polygonPoints = new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i < polygonLatitudes.size(); i++) {polygonPoints.add(new GlobalCoordinates(polygonLatitudes.get(i), polygonLongitudes.get(i)));}return geospatialCalculationService.calculateArea(polygonPoints);}
}